Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Chapter 1: COVID-19 in the Environment
1.1: Definition and Origin of COVID-19
1.2: Transmission of COVID-19
1.3: Environmental Impacts
1.4: Prevention of COVID-19
Chapter 2: Environmental Fate of COVID-19
2.1: COVID-19 Lifetime on Surfaces
2.2: Presence of COVID-19 in Atmospheric Air/Decline in Air Pollution due to COVID-19 Lockdown
2.2.1: Presence of COVID-19 in Atmospheric Air
2.2.2: Decline in Air Pollution due to COVID-19 Lockdown
2.3: Studies of COVID-19 in Sewage Water

2.4: Protocols for Managing Health-Care Waste with COVID-19
2.5: Conclusion
Chapter 3: Health Hazards of COVID-19
3.1: Pathways of Entry of the Virus into the Human Body
3.2: Proteins Involved
3.3: Effects on Human Health
Chapter 4: Personal Protective Equipment and Coronavirus Disease
4.1: Importance of Using PPE in Disease Prevention
4.2: Transmission of Bioaerosols
4.3: Standards Currently in Force for PPE
4.3.1: Respiratory PPEs
4.3.1.1: Masks
4.3.1.2: Respirators
4.3.1.3: Homemade masks
4.4: Results/Effectiveness in Previous Epidemics

4.5: PPE Modifications to Combat SARS-CoV-2
4.6: Final Considerations and Perspectives
Chapter 5: Health Service Waste and COVID-19: Monitoring, Risk Assessment, Approaches, and Challenges
5.1: Introduction
5.2: Sources, Transport, and Environmental Fate of COVID-19
5.3: Monitoring and Analysis Techniques for COVID-19
5.4: COVID-19 in the Socioeconomic Spectrum
5.5: Risk Assessment Tools for COVID-19
5.6: Challenges for COVID-19
5.7: Conclusions and Future Directions
Chapter 6: Coronavirus: Exposure and Risk to Workers' Health

6.1: Historical Trajectory of Occupational Health
6.2: Exposure of Workers to the Environment Labor
6.3: Risks and Risk Perception
6.4: Occupational Exposure and Human Health Risks
6.5: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
6.6: Prevention and Control of the Transmission of SARS-Cov-2 within Health Services: Exposure and Occupational Risk
Chapter 7: Ethical Issues in COVID-19
7.1: Introduction
7.2: Ethical Challenges
7.3: Risk and Harm: Patients and Tests?
7.4: Fake News
7.5: Patent Rights for the Common Good: A Necessary Discussion
7.6: Conclusion

Chapter 8: Brazil against COVID-19: Analysis from a Typology of Public Policies to Face the Pandemic with Development
8.1: Public Policies as Instruments of Social Welfare in Territories
8.1.1: The Public Policies
8.1.2: Public Policies and Development in the COVID-19 Context
8.2: Policies of Federated States to Combat the Negative Effects of COVID-19 on Development
8.2.1: Contextualization of COVID-19 in Brazil
8.2.2: Public Policies Developed by Brazilian Federated States to Fight the Effects of COVID-19
8.2.2.1: COVID-19 in Brazil