@article{1398470,
      recid = {1398470},
      author = {Williams, Kidada E.},
      title = {They left great marks on me African American testimonies  of racial violence from emancipation to World War I /  [electronic resource] :},
      publisher = {New York University Press,},
      address = {New York :},
      pages = {1 online resource (xii, 281 p.)},
      year = {2012},
      abstract = {"Well after slavery was abolished, its legacy of violence  left deep wounds on African Americans' bodies, minds, and  lives. For many victims and witnesses of the assaults,  rapes, murders, nightrides, lynchings, and other bloody  acts that followed, the suffering this violence engendered  was at once too painful to put into words yet too horrible  to suppress. In this evocative and deeply moving history,  Kidada Williams examines African Americans' testimonies  about racial violence. By using both oral and print culture  to testify about violence, victims and witnesses hoped they  would be able to graphically disseminate enough knowledge  about its occurrence and inspire Americans to take action  to end it. In the process of testifying, these people  created a vernacular history of the violence they endured  and witnessed, as well as the identities that grew from the  experience of violence. This history fostered an  oppositional consciousness to racial violence that inspired  African Americans to form and support campaigns to end  violence. The resulting crusades against racial violence  became one of the political training grounds for the civil  rights movement"--Provided by publisher.},
      url = {http://library.usi.edu/record/1398470},
}