@article{10.4159/harvard.9780674076099,
      recid = {1404014},
      author = {Thompson, Elizabeth,},
      title = {Justice interrupted the struggle for constitutional  government in the Middle East / [electronic resource] :},
      publisher = {Harvard University Press,},
      address = {Cambridge, Massachusetts :},
      number = {10.4159/harvard.9780674076099},
      pages = {1 online resource (xi, 418 p.) :},
      year = {2013},
      abstract = {Overview:  The Arab Spring uprisings of 2011 were often  portrayed in the media as a dawn of democracy in the  region. But the revolutionaries were-and saw themselves  as-heirs to a centuries-long struggle for just government  and the rule of law, a struggle obstructed by local elites  as well as the interventions of foreign powers. Elizabeth  F. Thompson uncovers the deep roots of liberal  constitutionalism in the Middle East through the remarkable  stories of those who fought against poverty, tyranny, and  foreign rule. Fascinating, sometimes quixotic personalities  come to light:  Tanyus Shahin, the Lebanese blacksmith who  founded a peasant republic in 1858; Halide Edib, the  feminist novelist who played a prominent role in the 1908  Ottoman constitutional revolution; Ali Shariati, the  history professor who helped ignite the 1979 Iranian  Revolution; Wael Ghonim, the Google executive who rallied  Egyptians to Tahrir Square in 2011, and many more. Their  memoirs, speeches, and letters chart the complex lineage of  political idealism, reform, and violence that informs  today's Middle East. Often depicted as inherently  anti-democratic, Islam was integral to egalitarian  movements that sought to correct imbalances of power and  wealth wrought by the modern global economy-and by global  war. Motivated by a memory of betrayal at the hands of the  Great Powers after World War I and in the Cold War, today's  progressives assert a local tradition of liberal  constitutionalism that has often been stifled but never  extinguished.},
      url = {http://library.usi.edu/record/1404014},
}