Cover
Contents
List of Illustrations
Map
Preface
Acknowledgements
Part I. Mountains and the Divine
1. Summit Altars
Divine Presence and Human Culture
Memory and Embodied Experience
Mediterranean Mountain Religion
The Summit Altars of Mainland Greece
2. Mountains in Archaic Greek Poetry
The Homeric Hymns
Hesiod and the Muses on Mount Helikon
Mount Olympus and Mount Ida in the Iliad
Mountain Similes: Natural Force and Human Vulnerability
Mountain Similes: Divine Vision and the Sublime
3. Pausanias: Mythical Landscapes and Divine Presence

Euripides to Pausanias
Arkadia
Boiotia
Phokis
4. Egeria on Mount Sinai: Mountain Pilgrimage in Early Christian and Late Antique Culture
Biblical Mountains
Mountain Allegories in the Writings of the Emperor Julian
Mountain Pilgrimage
Egeria on Mount Sinai
Egeria and the History of Travel and Mountaineering
Egeria on Mount Nebo
Part II. Mountain Vision
5. Mountain Aesthetics
Mountains as Objects of Vision
Aesthetic Categories and the Classical Tradition
Beautiful Mountains
Ancient Mountains and the Sublime

6. Scientific Viewing and the Volcanic Sublime
Volcanic Knowledge and Human Vulnerability
Observing Etna
The Pseudo-Virgilian Aetna and the Language of Vision
Literary Ambition and Philosophical Virtue: Etna in Seneca's Letters
7. Mountains in Greek and Roman Art
Miniaturised Mountains
Mountains in Roman Wall Painting
Enigmatic Mountains
8. Mountain Landmarks in Latin Literature
Mountain Symbolism
Mountains in Latin Epic
Mountains and Gender in Ovid and Seneca
Mountains in Horace's Odes
9. Mountains and Bodies in Apuleius' Metamorphoses

A Stage-Set of Mount Ida
Rhetorical and Symbolic Mountains in the Metamorphoses
Mountain Terrain and Haptic Experience
Landscapes of the Goddess Isis
Part III. Mountain Conquest
10. Warfare and Knowledge in Mountain Territories
Mountains and Modernity
Rock-Walkers: Specialist Expertise in Mountain Warfare
Local Knowledge: Control and Resistance in Mountain Terrain
Representing Mountain Conquest
11. Mountain Narratives in Greek and Roman Historiography
Landscape Narratives
Herodotus
Xenophon and Arrian
Plutarch
Polybius

12. Strabo: Civilising the Mountains
Human-Environment Relations in Strabo's Geography
Strabo's Cartographic Perspective
Spain and the Alps
Italy and Greece
Pontus
13. Ammianus Marcellinus: Mountain Peoples and Imperial Boundaries
The Isaurians in the Res Gestae
Natural-Force Metaphors
Bodily Immersion: Mountains, Rivers, Sea
Viewing from Above
'Like a Snowstorm from the High Mountains': The Huns and the Goths
Part IV. Living in the Mountains
14. Mountain and City
Mountain Communities
Environmental History in the Mountains of the Mediterranean