Back pain in the young child and adolescent : a case-based guide / Richard M. Schwend, William L. Hennrikus, editors.
Schwend, Richard M., editor.; Hennrikus, William L., editor.
2021
RD771.B217 B33 2021
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Title
Back pain in the young child and adolescent : a case-based guide / Richard M. Schwend, William L. Hennrikus, editors.
ISBN
9783030507589 (electronic bk.)
3030507580 (electronic bk.)
9783030507572
3030507572
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50758-9
Published
Cham, Switzerland : Springer, [2021]
Language
English
Description
1 online resource
Item Number
10.1007/978-3-030-50758-9 doi
Call Number
RD771.B217 B33 2021
Dewey Decimal Classification
617.5/64
Summary
Back pain is a common musculoskeletal condition that presents to physicians in the primary care office, the urgent care facility, and the emergency room. However, few primary care physicians have received education and training about the appropriate workup and referral for a child who presents with back pain. This book is designed to fill the gaps in primary care physician knowledge and ultimately improve patient care. This book is divided into three major sections. The first section contains seven introductory chapters on epidemiology, anatomy of the spine, imaging studies, clinical considerations, general history questions, and physical examination pearls of the child with back pain. This section gives an overview of common back pain problems and provides instructions on how to best perform a history and examination of the pediatric patient with back pain. Classic historical and examination findings are highlighted that can lead to a focused differential diagnosis, successful treatment and appropriate referral. Recognition of the red flags in the history and physical keep the clinician 'out of trouble'. This section concludes with a chapter that guides physicians in "putting it all together". The second section is the largest section of the book and contains 25 case based chapters organized by major presenting clinical features. Each chapter has a similar structure and includes red flags of the history and the physical, case examples, clinical pearls, and editor comments. Cases vary from common presentations of back pain such as back pain related to back packs to rare presentations of back pain such as back pain stemming from tuberculosis. The third and final section of the book contains additional resources for the primary care physician, including web sites, parent handouts, and a bibliography of key articles. This section provides further information and alternative resources for the practicing clinician. Written by experts in the field, Back Pain in the Young Child and Adolescent is a 'must have' resource for pediatricians, primary care physicians, and any other clinicians caring for younger patients who are experiencing back pain.
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Access Note
Access limited to authorized users.
Digital File Characteristics
text file
PDF
Source of Description
Online resource; title from digital title page (viewed on February 03, 2021).
Added Author
Schwend, Richard M., editor.
Hennrikus, William L., editor.
Available in Other Form
Print version: 9783030507572
Print version: 9783030507596
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Intro
Preface
Contents
Contributor List
Part I: Background
Chapter 1: Epidemiology of Pediatric Back Pain
Introduction
Defining Back Pain
Prevalence
Back Pain
Neck and Thoracic Pain
Low Back Pain
Incidence
Pain Frequency, Duration, and Intensity
Disability
Medical Attention
Natural History
Risk Factors
Physical Domain
Trunk Muscles
Trunk Mobility
Posture
Trunk Asymmetry
Muscle and Joint Flexibility
Trunk Stability
Biological Domain
Weight and Height
Gender
Family History
Lifestyle Domain
Activity

Sedentary Activity
Physical Activity
Sport
Occupational Activity
Sleep
Smoking and Alcohol
Backpacks
Psychosocial Domain
Psychological, Behavioral, and Cognitive Factors
Social Factors
Approaching Back Pain from a Multidimensional Perspective
Prevention
Brief Summary
Conclusion
Editor Discussion
References
Chapter 2: Anatomy of the Pediatric Spine
Cervical Spine (Fig. 2.5)
Thoracic Spine (Fig. 2.3)
Lumbar Spine (Fig. 2.6)
Editor Discussion
References

Chapter 3: Medical and Non-surgical Conditions That Can Cause or Contribute to Back Pain in a Child or Adolescent
Mechanical Back Pain (Non-specific or Muscular Back Pain)
Scoliosis
Back Pain in Children with Neuromuscular Disease
Muscle Strain and Spasm
Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis
Scheuermann Disease
Degenerative Disease
Bertolotti Syndrome
Spinal Dysraphism
Benign but Locally Aggressive Tumors of the Spine
Osteoid Osteoma/Osteoblastoma
Histiocytosis
Malignancy
Leukemia
Ewing Sarcoma
Spinal Cord Tumor
Infection
Discitis
Osteomyelitis

Systemic Disease
Osteoporosis/Metabolic Bone Disease
Sickle Cell Disease
Spondyloarthropathy
Extra-skeletal Causes of Back Pain
Editor Discussion
References
Chapter 4: History Evaluation of the Child or Adolescent with Back Pain Including Ten Red Flags
Introduction
Summary
Editor Discussion
References
Chapter 5: Physical Examination of the Child or Adolescent with Back Pain
Editor Discussion
References
Chapter 6: Radiologic Imaging and Laboratory Evaluation of Back Pain in Children and Adolescents
Introduction
Imaging
Role of Plain Radiography

Radiation Exposure
Special Views
Role of Computerized Tomography (CT Scan)
Spinal Cord Injury Without Radiographic Abnormality (SCIWORA)
Technetium Nuclear Bone Scan
PET-CT
Imaging Findings on Plain Radiography
Initial Approach to Reading Plain Radiographs of the Spine
Disc Disease and Schmorl's Nodes
Fracture or Dislocation
Scheuermann's Kyphosis
Transitional Vertebra
Spina Bifida Occulta
Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis
Spinal Deformity
Vertebra Plana
MRI
Examples of Commonly Encountered Pediatric Variations and Abnormalities

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