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Table of Contents
I Lateral ankle instability
1 Anatomy of lateral ligaments of the ankle
2 Biomechanics of lateral ankle instability
3. Rotational instability
4. Conclusions and clinical implications
5. Injury pattern of lateral ankle ligaments
6. History and clinical presentation
7. Imaging
8. Arthroscopy
9. Conservative treatment and rehabilitation
10. Surgical management of lateral ankle instability
11. Results
12. Complications
13. Conclusions and future evolution
II Lateral ankle instability including Chopart joint
14. Anatomy of Chopart joint ligaments
15 Biomechanics of Chopart joint
16 Injuries to the midtarsal joints
17. History and clinical presentation
18 Imaging
19. Treatment
20 Results
21. Complications
22. Conclusions
III The unstable syndesmosis
23. Anatomy of syndesmosis
24 Biomechanics of syndesmotic instability
25. Conclusions and clinical implications
26. Injury mechanism
27. History and clinical findings
28. Imaging
29. Arthroscopy
30. Conservative treatment and rehabilitation
31. Surgical management
32. Results
33. Complications
34. Conclusions
IV Medial ankle instability (Deltoid-Spring ligament complex)
35. Anatomy of medial ligaments of the ankle
36 Biomechanics of medial ankle instability
37. Conclusions and clinical implications
38. Injury pattern of medial ankle ligament
39. Injury mechanism
40. Clinical findings
41. Imaging
42. Arthroscopy
43. Conservative treatment and rehabilitation
44. Surgical management of medial ankle instability
45. Results
46. Complications
46. Conclusions and future evolution
V Deltoid ligament injuries in ankle fractures
47. Trauma mechanism
48. Diagnosis
49. Imaging
50. Arthroscopy
51. Treatment
52. Results
53. Complications
54. Conclusions
VI Peritalar instability
55. Anatomy of peritalar joints
56. Anatomy of peritalar ligaments
57. Joint axis and motion
58. Biomechanics of peritalar instability
59. Conclusions and clinical implications
60. History and clinical presentation
61. Imaging
62. Arthroscopy
63. Classification of peritalar instability
64. Treatment of peritalar instability
65. Results
66. Complications
67. Conclusions and future evolution.
1 Anatomy of lateral ligaments of the ankle
2 Biomechanics of lateral ankle instability
3. Rotational instability
4. Conclusions and clinical implications
5. Injury pattern of lateral ankle ligaments
6. History and clinical presentation
7. Imaging
8. Arthroscopy
9. Conservative treatment and rehabilitation
10. Surgical management of lateral ankle instability
11. Results
12. Complications
13. Conclusions and future evolution
II Lateral ankle instability including Chopart joint
14. Anatomy of Chopart joint ligaments
15 Biomechanics of Chopart joint
16 Injuries to the midtarsal joints
17. History and clinical presentation
18 Imaging
19. Treatment
20 Results
21. Complications
22. Conclusions
III The unstable syndesmosis
23. Anatomy of syndesmosis
24 Biomechanics of syndesmotic instability
25. Conclusions and clinical implications
26. Injury mechanism
27. History and clinical findings
28. Imaging
29. Arthroscopy
30. Conservative treatment and rehabilitation
31. Surgical management
32. Results
33. Complications
34. Conclusions
IV Medial ankle instability (Deltoid-Spring ligament complex)
35. Anatomy of medial ligaments of the ankle
36 Biomechanics of medial ankle instability
37. Conclusions and clinical implications
38. Injury pattern of medial ankle ligament
39. Injury mechanism
40. Clinical findings
41. Imaging
42. Arthroscopy
43. Conservative treatment and rehabilitation
44. Surgical management of medial ankle instability
45. Results
46. Complications
46. Conclusions and future evolution
V Deltoid ligament injuries in ankle fractures
47. Trauma mechanism
48. Diagnosis
49. Imaging
50. Arthroscopy
51. Treatment
52. Results
53. Complications
54. Conclusions
VI Peritalar instability
55. Anatomy of peritalar joints
56. Anatomy of peritalar ligaments
57. Joint axis and motion
58. Biomechanics of peritalar instability
59. Conclusions and clinical implications
60. History and clinical presentation
61. Imaging
62. Arthroscopy
63. Classification of peritalar instability
64. Treatment of peritalar instability
65. Results
66. Complications
67. Conclusions and future evolution.