Intro
Contents
About the Authors
1 Sketches as Inquiry, or How Does a Boa Constrictor Digest an Elephant?
Meaning-Making: Understanding the Sketch as Inquiry
Pausing to Ponder: What Is Literacy in the 21st Century?
Context of the Inquiry
Time for a Pause
Examining Early Sketches of the Disconnect
Examining the Subject: Notions of "Literate" and "Literacy"
More "Literacies" and More Questions
Probing Organizational Definitions of Literacy/Literacies
Lack of Cohesiveness and Coherence
Problematizing Literacy for 21st Century Education

Underscoring the Intent of Our Inquiry
More Questions, More Sketches
Reiterating the Intention of Sketching as Inquiry
References
2 Starting with the Right Question: Not What Is Literacy, but Why Is Literacy?
A True Story
Sketching the Disconnect
Constructs of Literacy Matter: Issues of Social Justice
Using and Abusing the Power of Literacy
The Unique Role of Teacher Education
Starting with the Right Question
"Why" Is Literacy?
"Literacy as Empowerment" of Individuals and Society
Sketches from Real World Experiences
Power of Literacy: A Closer Look

Challenges to the Literacy Myth: The Contextual, Critical Who
Assertion of Privilege and Limitation of Access
Discrepancies Within the Notion of Literacy as Empowerment
From "Why" Back to "What"
References
3 A Dilemma for the Teacher Educator: Navigating the 21st Century Literacy Landscape
Teaching Literacy: Sketching My Own Literary Landscape
Surveying the Literacy Landscape in Teacher Education
The Literacy Landscape Trending with Literacy Educators
Print-Based Literacy
Critical Literacy
New Literacies, Digital Literacies, and Media Literacy
New Literacies

Digital Literacy
Media Literacy
Multimodal Literacy and Multiliteracies
Content Area Literacy and Disciplinary Literacy
Content Area Literacy
Disciplinary Literacy
Choosing Among Literacies: What Should Teacher Educators Teach?
The Dilemma of What to Teach Continues
References
4 Deconstructing the Literacy Dilemma: Predicating a Search for Clarity and Cohesiveness
Sketches Inquiring into the Teacher Educators' Dilemma
Early Concerns: "Particular Anxiety About How to Proceed"
Factors that Fuel the Literacy Dilemma for Teacher Educators

Beliefs About Teaching Literacy and Teaching
How Do We Respond to These Influences?
Seeking a Cohesive Frame for 21st Century Literacy
Sense-Making: A Construct for a Dynamic, Global World
The Concept of Sense-Making Across the 21st Century Discourse
Examining the Theoretical Basis for Literacy as Sense-Making
Rosenblatt's Transactional Theory of Reading
New London Group's Theory of Multiliteracies
Crossing Disciplinary Boundaries to Frame a Construct of 21st Century Literacy
Important Concepts Highlighted in 21st Century Literacy Studies