Intro
Preface
Contents
Perspectives and Challenges of Using Chitosan in Various Biological Applications
1 Introduction
2 Current Status and Challenges of Using Chitosan and Its Derivatives
2.1 Chitosan in Biosensor Applications
2.2 Application of Chitosan in Food Coating
2.3 Chitosan in Drug Delivery Applications
2.4 Chitosan in Antimicrobial Applications
2.5 Chitosan in Wound Dressing Application
2.6 Chitosan in Hemostatic Applications
2.7 Applications of Chitosan in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
3 Conclusion
References

Review of the Structure of Chitosan in the Context of Other Sugar-Based Polymers
1 Introduction
2 Structure and Composition
2.1 Structure of Chitin and Chitosan
2.1.1 Degree of Deacetylation of Chitosan
2.2 Structural Comparison of Chitosan with Other Sugar-Based Polymers
2.2.1 Structural Comparison of Chitosan and Cellulose
2.2.2 Structural Comparison of Chitosan and Starch
2.2.3 Structural Comparison of Chitosan and Alginate
3 Interaction of Chitosan with Other Sugar Polymers
3.1 Interaction Between Chitosan and Starch

3.2 Interaction Between Chitosan and Cellulose
3.3 Interaction of Chitosan and Alginate
4 Properties of Chitosan
4.1 Solubility of Chitosan and Other Sugar Polymers
4.2 Thermal Properties of Chitosan and Other Sugar Polymers
4.3 Crystallinity of Chitosan and Other Sugar Polymers
4.4 Non-toxicity of Chitosan and Other Sugar Polymers
4.5 Mucoadhesiveness of Chitosan and Other Sugar Polymers
4.6 Biodegradability of Chitosan and Other Sugar Polymers
4.7 Biocompatibility of Chitosan and Other Sugar Polymers

5 Applications of Chitosan as Compared to the Other Sugar-Based Polymers
5.1 Drug Delivery
5.2 Vaccine Delivery
5.2.1 Starch-Based Vaccine Delivery Systems
5.2.2 Cellulose-Based Vaccine Delivery Systems
5.2.3 Alginate-Based Vaccine Delivery System
5.2.4 Chitosan-Based Vaccine Delivery Systems
5.3 Tissue Engineering
5.3.1 Skin Tissue Engineering
5.3.2 Bone Tissue Engineering
5.4 Anti-microbial Applications
6 Summary
References
Synthesis and Modification Strategies of Chitosan and Its Interaction with Metal Ions
1 Introduction
2 Chemistry of Chitosan

2.1 Covalent Functionalization of Chitosan Without Metal Ions
2.2 Functionalization of Chitosan with Metal Ions
3 Applications of Chitosan for Environmental Remediation
3.1 Fluoride Retention Using Metal-Chitosan Based Composites
3.2 Newly Developed Chitosan-Derivatives for Arsenic Adsorption
3.3 Metal and Metal-Free Chitosan Materials for Phosphate and Nitrate Adsorption
4 Summary and Outlooks
References
Synthesis-Structure Relationship of Chitosan Based Hydrogels
1 Introduction
2 Preparation Methods of Chitosan Hydrogels
2.1 Neutralization