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Table of Contents
Intro
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Author
List of Abbreviations
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Neural Electrodes
1.2 Advantages and Limitations of Electrical Neural Interfacing
1.3 Problems of Focus in This Book
1.4 Featured Approach of Analysis
References
Part I: Properties and Models of Neurons and Electrodes
Chapter 2: Equivalent Circuit Models of Neurons
2.1 The Classic Parallel-Conductance Model
2.2 Neuronal Model for DC Analysis
2.3 Neuronal Models for AC Analysis
2.3.1 Neuronal Model for Analyzing Subthreshold Transmembrane Voltage Changes
2.3.2 Neuronal Model for analyzing Suprathreshold Transmembrane Voltage Changes (APs)
2.3.3 Virtual Capacitive Current IC(s)
2.4 Monopole Current Source
References
Chapter 3: Recording Electrodes
3.1 Electrode-Electrolyte Interface
3.1.1 The Universal Electrode-Electrolyte Phase Boundary
3.1.2 Neural Recording Electrodes are Capacitive
3.2 Non-Redox Electrochemical Cell for Neural Recording
3.3 The Complete Neural Recording Circuit
3.4 Electrode Impedance
3.4.1 Principle of Electrode Impedance Measurement
3.4.2 Method for Electrode Impedance Measurement
3.4.3 How to Read the Impedance Plots
3.4.4 Methods to Reduce Electrode Impedance
3.5 Summary
References
Chapter 4: Stimulating Electrodes
4.1 Electrode-Electrolyte Interface
4.2 Electrolytic Cell for Neural Stimulation
4.3 The Complete Neural Stimulating Circuit
4.4 Charge Injection Capacity
4.4.1 Cyclic Voltammogram (CV), CSC, and CIC
4.4.2 Methods to Functionalize a Stimulating Electrode
4.5 Summary
References
Part II: Principles of Electrical Neural Recording
Chapter 5: Intracellular Recording
5.1 DC Recording: The Resting Membrane Potential
5.2 AC Recording
5.2.1 How the AC Vm(s) Is Generated
5.2.2 Intracellular Recording Using a Solid-State Microwire Electrode
5.2.3 Intracellular Recording Using Whole-Cell Patch-Clamp and Glass Micropipettes
5.3 Summary
References
Chapter 6: Extracellular Recording
6.1 Basic Relationships Between eFPs and Transmembrane Voltage Changes
6.2 Extracellular Recording Using a Planar Substrate Microelectrode
6.3 Optimizing the Recording Quality
6.3.1 Factors Affecting the SNR
6.4 Summary
References
Chapter 7: Extracellular Recording of Propagating Action Potentials
7.1 AP Propagation and Its Modeling
7.1.1 Forward Propagating Intracellular Current
7.1.2 Backward Propagating Intracellular Current
7.1.3 Overall Propagating Effect on eFP
7.2 The Recorded eFP
7.3 Summary
References
Chapter 8: Recording Using Field-Effect Transistors
Summary
References
Chapter 9: Neural Recording Using Nanoprotrusion Electrodes
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Author
List of Abbreviations
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Neural Electrodes
1.2 Advantages and Limitations of Electrical Neural Interfacing
1.3 Problems of Focus in This Book
1.4 Featured Approach of Analysis
References
Part I: Properties and Models of Neurons and Electrodes
Chapter 2: Equivalent Circuit Models of Neurons
2.1 The Classic Parallel-Conductance Model
2.2 Neuronal Model for DC Analysis
2.3 Neuronal Models for AC Analysis
2.3.1 Neuronal Model for Analyzing Subthreshold Transmembrane Voltage Changes
2.3.2 Neuronal Model for analyzing Suprathreshold Transmembrane Voltage Changes (APs)
2.3.3 Virtual Capacitive Current IC(s)
2.4 Monopole Current Source
References
Chapter 3: Recording Electrodes
3.1 Electrode-Electrolyte Interface
3.1.1 The Universal Electrode-Electrolyte Phase Boundary
3.1.2 Neural Recording Electrodes are Capacitive
3.2 Non-Redox Electrochemical Cell for Neural Recording
3.3 The Complete Neural Recording Circuit
3.4 Electrode Impedance
3.4.1 Principle of Electrode Impedance Measurement
3.4.2 Method for Electrode Impedance Measurement
3.4.3 How to Read the Impedance Plots
3.4.4 Methods to Reduce Electrode Impedance
3.5 Summary
References
Chapter 4: Stimulating Electrodes
4.1 Electrode-Electrolyte Interface
4.2 Electrolytic Cell for Neural Stimulation
4.3 The Complete Neural Stimulating Circuit
4.4 Charge Injection Capacity
4.4.1 Cyclic Voltammogram (CV), CSC, and CIC
4.4.2 Methods to Functionalize a Stimulating Electrode
4.5 Summary
References
Part II: Principles of Electrical Neural Recording
Chapter 5: Intracellular Recording
5.1 DC Recording: The Resting Membrane Potential
5.2 AC Recording
5.2.1 How the AC Vm(s) Is Generated
5.2.2 Intracellular Recording Using a Solid-State Microwire Electrode
5.2.3 Intracellular Recording Using Whole-Cell Patch-Clamp and Glass Micropipettes
5.3 Summary
References
Chapter 6: Extracellular Recording
6.1 Basic Relationships Between eFPs and Transmembrane Voltage Changes
6.2 Extracellular Recording Using a Planar Substrate Microelectrode
6.3 Optimizing the Recording Quality
6.3.1 Factors Affecting the SNR
6.4 Summary
References
Chapter 7: Extracellular Recording of Propagating Action Potentials
7.1 AP Propagation and Its Modeling
7.1.1 Forward Propagating Intracellular Current
7.1.2 Backward Propagating Intracellular Current
7.1.3 Overall Propagating Effect on eFP
7.2 The Recorded eFP
7.3 Summary
References
Chapter 8: Recording Using Field-Effect Transistors
Summary
References
Chapter 9: Neural Recording Using Nanoprotrusion Electrodes