Intro
Preface
Contents
Advances in the Processing of Uncertain and Imprecise Information
Application of Decision Rules to Discover Knowledge for Fitting Aggregations to Datasets
1 Introduction
2 Interval-Valued Aggregation Functions
3 Dataset Complexity Measures
4 Details of Implementation
5 RSES for Aggregation Functions
6 Discussion on the Results
7 Conclusions
References
Influence of Interval-Valued Measures on Classification Methods with Missing Values
1 Introduction
2 Interval-Valued Fuzzy Set Theory
3 Interval-Valued Fuzzy Measures
3.1 Precedence Indicator
3.2 Similarity Measure
3.3 Equivalence Measures
3.4 Indistinguishability
4 Application in K-NN Classifiers
4.1 Data Set Description
4.2 Proposed Method
4.3 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Bootstrap Methods for Fuzzy Data
1 Introduction
2 Fuzzy Numbers and Their Characteristics
3 Random Fuzzy Numbers
4 Resampling Algorithms
4.1 General Remarks
4.2 Bootstrap on Characteristic Points
4.3 Methods Preserving the Canonical Representation
4.4 VAA Algorithm
5 Case Study
6 Simulation Study
6.1 Applied Models of Fuzzy Numbers
6.2 Standard Error Estimation
6.3 Empirical Size of a Test
6.4 Power Analysis
7 Conclusions
References
Aspects of Uncertain and Imprecise Information
Conditional Intuitionistic Fuzzy Mean Value in Connection with IF-Probability
1 Introduction
2 Basic Notions
3 Conditional Intuitionistic Fuzzy Mean Value by Using IF-State
4 Conditional Intuitionistic Fuzzy Mean Value by Using IF-Probability
5 Conclusion
References
Heikin-Ashi Technique with Use of Oriented Fuzzy Numbers
1 Introduction
2 Oriented Fuzzy Numbers
Selected Definitions
3 Heikin-Ashi Technique.

4 Representation of Heikin-Ashi Candles by Trapezoidal Oriented Fuzzy Numbers
5 Summary
References
Three Intuitionistic Fuzzy Estimations of Uncertainty in Service Compositions
1 Introduction
2 Base Virtual Devices
3 Causal Decomposition of the Traffic in Virtual Devices
4 Three Intuitionistic Fuzzy Service Characterizations
5 Intuitionistic Fuzzy Service Characterizations of Sonsecutive Composition of Services
5.1 If Traffic Characterization
5.2 If Flow Characterization
5.3 If Time Characterization
6 Conclusion
References
An Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Estimation of the Area of 2D-Figures Based on Pick's Formula
1 Introduction
2 Introduction of the Mathematical Notions
3 IVIF Estimation
4 Conclusion
References
The Golden Ratio of Area Method Based on Fuzzy Number Area as a Defuzzyfier
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
2.1 Fuzzy Sets and Membership Functions
2.2 Defuzzification Operator
2.3 Classification of Defuzzying Operators
2.4 Discussion of Classical Methods
3 New Defuzzying Methods (Golden Ratio of Area)
3.1 Golden Ratio
Introduction to the Solution
3.2 Golden Ratio of Area
Proposition of a New Solution
4 Case Study: Fuzzy Controller of the Combustion Process
5 Conclusions
References
Mathematical Modeling of Processes and Systems
Generalized Net Model of Implementation of Port Knocking on RouterOS
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Conclusion
References
Generalized Nets as a Tool for Modelling of Railway Networks. Part 2
1 Introduction
2 Generalized Net Models of Some Standard Components of the Railway Network
3 Generalized Net Model of a Part of the Railway Network in Northern Bulgaria
4 Conclusion
References
Acceleration of the Calculation of Boundary Surface Cross-Sections
1 Introduction.

2 Boundary Surface
3 Acceleration of C-SBS Calculations Implemented so Far
4 New Options to Speed up the Calculation of One C-SBS
4.1 Appropriate Position of Test Cuboid on CHA
4.2 Cuboid Inside the CHA
5 Conclusion
References
Decision Making and Decision Support Systems
On Problems and Methods of Coordinated Scheduling and Location
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
2.1 Scheduling and Location Problems
2.2 Solution Methods for Parametric Uncertainty
3 Coordinated Scheduling and Location
3.1 Proposed Solution Approaches
3.2 Selected Results
4 Other Cases and Final Remarks
References
A Comprehensive Approach to Assessing Higher and Lower Order Thinking Skills
1 Introduction
2 Multicomponent Models for Assessment in Learning
3 Generalized Net Model for Assessment of Higher and Lower Order Thinking Skills
4 Use Case of Hierarchical Multicomponents Assessment with Fuzzy Logic
5 Conclusion
References
Evaluating the General Claim Process Through Temporal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Pairs
1 Introduction
2 Temporal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Pair
3 Results of the Application of the Temporal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Pair Apparatus
4 Conclusion
References
Investigating the Efficiency of Market Indicators in Trading Systems
1 Introduction
2 Related Works
3 Rule-Based Trading Systems
4 System Efficiency
5 Numerical Experiments
6 Conclusions and Summary
References
Supporting the Process of Negotiations with the Use of Multi-criteria Analysis
1 Introduction
2 Modeling of the Negotiations Process
3 An Equitably Effcient Decision
4 Scalarization of the Problem
5 The Set of Negotiations
6 The Method of Selection of the Solution
7 An Example of Negotiations
8 Conclusions
References.

A Comparative Study of Two Nature-Inspired Algorithms for Routing Optimization
1 Introduction
2 Genetic Algorithm
3 The Ant Algorithm
4 Route Optimization
5 Analysis of the Obtained Results
6 Comparison of Algorithms and Conclusions
References
Selection of T-Norms for Calculating Belief Measure and Their Influence on Support Decision with Uncertainty
1 Introduction
2 Belief Functions for Precise and Imprecise Evidence
3 Numerical Experiments
4 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Certain Aspects of the OFNBee Algorithm Operation for Different Fuzzifiers
1 Introduction
2 OFN
2.1 Fuzzy Operators
3 Defuzzification Functions Dedicated to OFN
4 A New Optimisation Method and Its Application
5 The New Hybrid OFNBee Method
6 Configuration of OFNBee Algorithm Parameters
7 Results of Experiments on Mathematical Functions
8 Discussion of Results
9 Summary
References
Engineering Applications
A Hybrid System for Intelligent Waste Measurement
1 Introduction
2 Waste Management
3 Hybrid System for Intelligent Waste Measurement Method
4 Laboratory and Real Conditions Tests
5 Conclusions
References
Method for Multiplication Transmission Interfaces
1 Introduction
2 Modern Solution of Mobile Devices
3 Method for Multiplication Transmission Interfaces
4 The Laboratory and Real Conditions Tests
5 Conclusions
References
Application of Game Method for Modelling to Locate a Forest Fire Ignition Point in the Presence of Wind
1 Introduction
2 Game Method for Modeling
3 Application of Game Method for Modelling to Locating the Forest fire's Ignition Point
4 Conclusion
References
An Alternative Fuzzy Logic Inference Method on the Example of a PID Controller
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Solutions
4 Conclusions
References.

Data Quotation Period and the Quality of ANN Learning in the Polish Power Exchange Model
1 Introduction
2 The Problem of the Number of Learning Pairs
3 Characteristics of the MLP
4 Research Characteristics
5 Data Used in Calculations and Market Characteristics
6 Tools and Method of Modelings
7 Conclusions and Directions for Further Research
References
3D Software Implementation of the Game Method for Modelling Forest Fires in MyGL Software Tool
1 Introduction
2 3D Visualization Software MyGL
3 Implemented Algorithms in MyGL Software
3.1 Short Remarks on the Game Method for Modelling
4 Field Fire Spread Simulation Scenarios Using MyGL Software
5 Conclusion
References
Balancing Predictive Relevance of Ligand Biochemical Activities
1 Ligand-Based Supervised Biochemical Activity Modelling
2 Support Vector Machines for Relaxed-Bias Classification
3 Model Calibration
4 PermonSVM
5 Numerical Experiments
6 Conclusion
References
Modelling the Process of Production of Automotive Gasoline by the Use of Generalized Nets
1 Introduction
2 Generalized Net Model of Production of Four Automotive Gasoline Grades (A-95H
A-95 B-9
A-98H
A-98H B-9) from Nine Gasoline Components in the Lukoil Neftohim Burgas Refinery
3 Simulation of the Constructed GN-Model in GN IDE
3.1 Description of the GN-Model in a GN XML File
3.2 Results of the Simulation of the GN-Model in GN IDE
4 Conclusion
References
Social, Medical and Health Care Applications
Students' Forward Thinking
An Analysis of Cultural Divides Through the `Reverse Clustering'
1 Introduction
2 The Study Intended
2.1 The General Characteristics of the Responses
2.2 The Questionnaire and the Overview of Responses
3 The ``Reverse Clustering'' Approach.