Intro
Contents
Contributors
1 The Role of Higher Education, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship in Bay Areas: Challenges and Opportunities
Introduction
Fostering Social and Economic Integration Through Greater Bay Area Development
Major Arguments of the Book
Development Experiences of Bay Economies: Comparative Perspectives
Collaboration Matters for Bay Economy Area Development
Factors Shaping Internal Migration Across the GBA
Opportunities and Challenges for GBA: Young People's Perspectives
Conclusion
References

Part I Bay Area Development from Comparative and Historical Perspectives
2 Higher Education and Human Capital and in the "New York Bay Area": Historical Lessons from the City University of New York (CUNY)
Introduction
Historical Origins: Finding a Market Niche, c. 1840
Early Years: High-Quality, Low-Cost Education Garners International Attention, c. 1850
Institutional Growth: Immigrant Students, Social Mobility, and Political Activism, c. 1870
Higher Education, Secondary Education, and Human-Capital Development, c. 1900

International Connections and Institutional Expansion, c. 1910
World War I and Its Wake: Student-Worker Alliances and Stratified Admissions, c. 1920
Activist Students: Anti-militarism, Anti-capitalism, and Anti-fascism, c. 1930
Academic Freedom, Anti-authoritarianism, and Anti-racism: A Fight for Tenure, c. 1930
Conservative Reaction at CUNY: The Rapp-Coudert Committee, c. 1940
World War II and the Strayer Committee: Institutional Expansion and Stratification
From CUNY to SUNY: State-Funded Elitism and Structural Racism

Anti-discrimination in Admissions: A Debate Over "Mass" Higher Education, c. 1950
"Urban Renewal": Community Services and Continued Stratification
CUNY's New Master Plan: New York's Response to California, c. 1960
Higher Education and Human Capital: Clark Kerr and "The Urban-Grant University"
Student Unrest and the Urban Crisis: Black Student Anger and Activism
Open Admissions: A Controversial Experiment, c. 1970
Ethnic Studies: The Examples of Asian Studies and Black Studies
Higher Education for the Modern Mega-City: Global Connections and Local Programs

CUNY and the Financial Crisis of the 1970s: From Public to Private Funding
Financing Mass Higher Education: A Return to Exclusivity and Elitism, c. 1990
CUNY's Future: Higher Education and Human-Capital Development
References
3 Operation Crisis of Private Universities in the Tokyo Bay Area: Based on the Relationship Among Universities, Government and the Japanese Economy
Problem Statement and Existing Studies
Factors Affecting the Operation Crisis of Private Universities in the Tokyo Bay Area
Low Birth Rate
Intense Competition
Government Policies