Intro
Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Part I: Basic Aspects
1: Emerging Technologies: Gateway to Understand Molecular Insight of Diseases, Newer Drugs, Their Design, and Targeting
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Advanced Technologies for Control of Infectious Diseases
1.3 Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Epidemiology
1.4 Drug Discovery-Associated Technologies
1.5 Speedy Drug Discovery with Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning
1.6 How Do AI Platforms Work?
1.7 Heading Toward Precision Medicines (PM) Through Innovation and New Technologies

1.8 Summary and Conclusion
References
2: Polypharmacology: New Paradigms in Drug Development
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Polypharmacology Studies Using In Silico Approaches
2.2.1 Ligand-Based Methods
2.2.2 Similarity Search Based on 2D and 3D Descriptors
2.2.3 Structure-Based Methods
2.2.4 Inverse Docking
2.2.5 Multi-Target Drug Design (MTDD)
2.2.6 Multi-Target Virtual Ligand Screening (VLS)
2.3 Data Mining to Identify Novel Targets from ``Big Data:́́ A Network Systems Biology Approach
2.4 Drug Repurposing
2.5 Concluding Remarks
References

3: Drug Repurposing in Biomedical Research: Benefits and Challenges
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Benefits Associated with Drug Repositioning
3.3 Challenges Associated with Drug Repositioning
3.4 Drug Repositioning Intended for Anticancer Applications
3.4.1 Itraconazole
3.4.2 Digoxin
3.4.3 Nitroxoline
3.5 Drug Repurposing for RNA Virus Infections
3.5.1 ZIKV and Other Flaviviruses
3.5.2 Ebola Virus
3.5.3 Coronaviruses
3.5.4 Influenza Virus
3.6 Drug Repurposing for DNA Virus Infections
3.7 Potential Drugs for Repurposing Against Infectious Agents

3.7.1 Anticancer Drugs Repurposed Against Bacteria and Fungi
3.7.2 Immunomodulatory Drugs Repurposed Against Bacteria and Fungi
3.8 Concluding Remarks
References
4: Computational Methods for Drug Repurposing
4.1 Historical
4.2 Introduction
4.2.1 Protein-Protein Interactions
4.2.2 Pathway Databases
4.2.3 Drug-Target Interactions
4.2.4 Genetic Variation and Disease-Gene Interactions
4.2.5 Drug Induced Gene Expression Signatures
4.3 Major Techniques of Drug Repurposing
4.3.1 Connectivity Map
4.3.2 Side Effect Similarity
4.3.3 Network-Based Approach

4.3.4 Chemical Similarity
4.4 Summary
References
5: Genomic Approaches for Drug Repositioning
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Experimental and In Silico Approaches to DR
5.2.1 Experimental Approaches
5.2.2 In Silico Approaches
5.3 Genomic Approaches to DR
5.3.1 Linking Target Genes to Clinically Approved Drugs
5.3.2 Usage of Computational Methods
5.3.2.1 Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS)
5.3.2.2 Network-Based Approaches and the Support of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
5.3.3 Examples of DR for Genetic Diseases
5.3.3.1 Alzheimerś Disease