Intro
Foreword
Foreword
Acknowledgements
Contents
1: Introduction
1.1 Why Study the Cognitive Abilities of Wolves?
1.2 How Wolves Became Dogs Maybe
1.2.1 The `Human-Selection ́Scenario
Box 1.1 The Tame Foxes and the Pioneering Ideas of Belyaev
1.2.2 The Self-Domestication Scenario
1.3 Wolves and Dogs Today
1.4 Book Overview
References
2: Comparing the Behaviour and Cognition of Wolves and Dogs
2.1 Wolf Park Indiana, Battle Ground, IN (1972-Present)
2.2 Kiel
2.3 Erik Zimen

2.4 University of Michigan Canine Information-Processing Project (1979-1984)
2.5 Family Dog Project of the Department of Ethology, Budapest (2002-2004, Partially Ongoing)
2.6 The Dog Cognition Programme at Max Planck Institute in Leipzig
2.7 Tovetorp Zoological Research Station of Stockholm University (2014-2016)
2.8 Wolf Science Center (2008-Present)
Box 2.1 The Beginning
2.8.1 Decisions Taken for the Set-up of the Wolf Science Center
2.8.2 The Reality
2.8.3 Socialization of Our Animals
2.8.4 Other Research Projects Connected to the Wolf Science Center

Box 2.2 The First Year and the Present
References
3: The Socio-Ecology of Wolves
3.1 A Few General Facts
3.2 Environment and Diet: The Wolf as the Epitome of the Hunter?
3.2.1 Factors Influencing Hunting Success
3.2.2 The Diet of Wolves
3.3 Social Organization
3.3.1 Pack Composition and Pack Size
3.3.2 Mating and Reproduction
3.3.2.1 Mating
3.3.2.2 Reproduction
3.3.3 Parental Care: Cooperative Breeding
3.3.4 Pup Mortality and Dispersal
3.3.4.1 Factors Influencing Pup Mortality
3.3.4.2 Dispersal
3.3.5 Social Dynamics
3.3.6 Territory Defence

3.4 Recolonization of Wolves
Box 3.1 The Italian Invasion and `Going into the Wild ́
3.5 Summary
References
4: The Socio-Ecology of Free-Ranging Dogs
Box 4.1 A journey into the world of FRDs
4.1 A Few General Facts
4.2 Environment and Diet: Scavenger or Hunter?
4.2.1 Dog: The Scavenger
4.2.2 Dog: The Hunter
4.3 Social Organization
4.3.1 Group Size: When Are Dogs Solitary and When Social?
4.3.2 Group Composition
4.3.3 Mating and Reproduction
4.3.4 Parental Care
4.3.4.1 Maternal Care
4.3.4.2 Paternal Care
4.3.4.3 Alloparental Care

4.3.4.4 Dispersal and Mortality
4.3.5 Social Dynamics
4.3.5.1 Home Range and Between-Pack Relationships
4.4 Summary
References
5: Social Dynamics Between Conspecifics
5.1 Dominance and Aggression
5.1.1 Formal Signals of Dominance in Wolves and Dogs
5.1.2 Dominance, Hierarchy, and Leadership in Captive and Free-Living Wolves and Dogs
5.1.3 Dominance and Aggression: Wolves and Dogs Compared
5.2 Dominance and Access to Resources
5.2.1 Dominance, Aggression, and Access to Resources: Wolves and Dogs Compared
5.2.1.1 Summary Dominance and Aggression