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Table of Contents
Intro
Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Challenges in Air Pollution Control
1.2 Green Chemistry Principles: Roadmap to Air Pollution Control and Design
1.3 Air and Energy Nexus
1.4 Structure and Contents of This Book
2 SOx Control
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Importance and Significance
2.1.2 Regulations and Standards
2.1.3 Technology Development
2.1.4 Contents of Chapters
2.2 SOx Formation
2.2.1 Oxidation of Sulfur
2.2.2 SO2 Conversion to SO3
2.3 Control Principles
2.3.1 Process Chemistry
2.3.2 Mass Transfer
2.4 Control Technologies
2.4.1 Wet FGD
2.4.2 Semi-dry FGD
2.4.3 Dry FGD
2.5 Comparison of SOx Control Technologies
2.5.1 4E Evaluation
2.5.2 Technology Selection
2.5.3 Challenges and Perspectives
References
3 NOx Control
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Importance and Significance
3.1.2 Regulations and Standards
3.1.3 Technology Development
3.1.4 Objectives of Chapter
3.2 NOx Formation
3.2.1 Thermal NOx
3.2.2 Fuel NOx
3.2.3 Prompt NOx
3.3 Control Principles
3.3.1 Thermodynamics
3.3.2 Reaction Kinetics
3.3.3 Catalytic Reaction
3.4 Control Technologies
3.4.1 Combustion Modification
3.4.2 SNCR Technology
3.4.3 SCR Technology
3.5 Comparison of NOx Control Technologies
3.5.1 4E Evaluation of NOx Control Technologies
3.5.2 Technology Selection
3.5.3 Challenges and Perspectives
References
4 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Control
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Importance and Significance
4.1.2 Control Regulations
4.1.3 Technology Development
4.1.4 Objectives of Chapter
4.2 Formation
4.2.1 Emission Sources of VOCs
4.2.2 Classification and Characteristics
4.3 Control Principles
4.3.1 Adsorption
4.3.2 Absorption
4.3.3 Condensation
4.3.4 Oxidation
4.4 Control Technologies
4.4.1 Adsorption
4.4.2 Absorption
4.4.3 Condensation
4.4.4 Oxidation
4.4.5 Biological Treatment
4.5 Technology Comparison
4.5.1 4E Evaluation
4.5.2 Technology Selection
4.5.3 Challenges and Perspectives
References
5 PM Control
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Importance and Significance
5.1.2 Regulations and Standards
5.1.3 Technology Development
5.1.4 Contents of Chapters
5.2 Formation
5.2.1 Emission Sources of PM
5.2.2 Properties of Particles
5.3 Control Principles
5.3.1 Dust Removal Mechanisms
5.3.2 Fundamental Forces in Particle Migration and Collection
5.3.3 Particle Transport Properties
5.4 Control Technologies
5.4.1 Cyclone
5.4.2 Wet Scrubbers
5.4.3 Baghouse
5.4.4 Electrostatic Precipitator
5.5 Comparison of PM Control Technologies
5.5.1 4E Evaluation of PM Control Technologies
5.5.2 Technology Selection
5.5.3 Challenges and Perspectives
References
6 CO2 Control
6.1 Introduction
6.2 CO2 Emission Sources
6.2.1 Stationary CO2 Emission Sources
6.2.2 Mobile CO2 Emission Sources
Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Challenges in Air Pollution Control
1.2 Green Chemistry Principles: Roadmap to Air Pollution Control and Design
1.3 Air and Energy Nexus
1.4 Structure and Contents of This Book
2 SOx Control
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Importance and Significance
2.1.2 Regulations and Standards
2.1.3 Technology Development
2.1.4 Contents of Chapters
2.2 SOx Formation
2.2.1 Oxidation of Sulfur
2.2.2 SO2 Conversion to SO3
2.3 Control Principles
2.3.1 Process Chemistry
2.3.2 Mass Transfer
2.4 Control Technologies
2.4.1 Wet FGD
2.4.2 Semi-dry FGD
2.4.3 Dry FGD
2.5 Comparison of SOx Control Technologies
2.5.1 4E Evaluation
2.5.2 Technology Selection
2.5.3 Challenges and Perspectives
References
3 NOx Control
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Importance and Significance
3.1.2 Regulations and Standards
3.1.3 Technology Development
3.1.4 Objectives of Chapter
3.2 NOx Formation
3.2.1 Thermal NOx
3.2.2 Fuel NOx
3.2.3 Prompt NOx
3.3 Control Principles
3.3.1 Thermodynamics
3.3.2 Reaction Kinetics
3.3.3 Catalytic Reaction
3.4 Control Technologies
3.4.1 Combustion Modification
3.4.2 SNCR Technology
3.4.3 SCR Technology
3.5 Comparison of NOx Control Technologies
3.5.1 4E Evaluation of NOx Control Technologies
3.5.2 Technology Selection
3.5.3 Challenges and Perspectives
References
4 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Control
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Importance and Significance
4.1.2 Control Regulations
4.1.3 Technology Development
4.1.4 Objectives of Chapter
4.2 Formation
4.2.1 Emission Sources of VOCs
4.2.2 Classification and Characteristics
4.3 Control Principles
4.3.1 Adsorption
4.3.2 Absorption
4.3.3 Condensation
4.3.4 Oxidation
4.4 Control Technologies
4.4.1 Adsorption
4.4.2 Absorption
4.4.3 Condensation
4.4.4 Oxidation
4.4.5 Biological Treatment
4.5 Technology Comparison
4.5.1 4E Evaluation
4.5.2 Technology Selection
4.5.3 Challenges and Perspectives
References
5 PM Control
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Importance and Significance
5.1.2 Regulations and Standards
5.1.3 Technology Development
5.1.4 Contents of Chapters
5.2 Formation
5.2.1 Emission Sources of PM
5.2.2 Properties of Particles
5.3 Control Principles
5.3.1 Dust Removal Mechanisms
5.3.2 Fundamental Forces in Particle Migration and Collection
5.3.3 Particle Transport Properties
5.4 Control Technologies
5.4.1 Cyclone
5.4.2 Wet Scrubbers
5.4.3 Baghouse
5.4.4 Electrostatic Precipitator
5.5 Comparison of PM Control Technologies
5.5.1 4E Evaluation of PM Control Technologies
5.5.2 Technology Selection
5.5.3 Challenges and Perspectives
References
6 CO2 Control
6.1 Introduction
6.2 CO2 Emission Sources
6.2.1 Stationary CO2 Emission Sources
6.2.2 Mobile CO2 Emission Sources