Intro
Preface
Organization
Contents
Interpretable Lung Cancer Diagnosis with Nodule Attribute Guidance and Online Model Debugging
1 Introduction
2 Materials
3 Methodology
3.1 Collaborative Model Architecture with Attribute-Guidance
3.2 Debugging Model with Semantic Interpretation
3.3 Explanation by Attribute-Based Nodule Retrieval
4 Experiments and Results
4.1 Implementation
4.2 Quantitative Evaluation
4.3 Trustworthiness Check and Interpretable Diagnosis
5 Conclusions
References

Do Pre-processing and Augmentation Help Explainability? A Multi-seed Analysis for Brain Age Estimation
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Methods
4 Results
4.1 Performance
4.2 Voxel Agreement
4.3 Atlas-Based Analyses
4.4 Region Validation
5 Conclusion
References
Towards Self-explainable Transformers for Cell Classification in Flow Cytometry Data
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Methods
3.1 Architecture
3.2 Preprocessing
3.3 Loss Function
3.4 Data Augmentation
4 Experiments
4.1 Data
4.2 Results
5 Conclusion
References

Reducing Annotation Need in Self-explanatory Models for Lung Nodule Diagnosis
1 Introduction
2 Method
3 Experimental Results
3.1 Prediction Performance of Nodule Attributes and Malignancy
3.2 Analysis of Extracted Features in Learned Space
3.3 Ablation Study
4 Conclusion
References
Attention-Based Interpretable Regression of Gene Expression in Histology
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Datasets
2.2 Multiple Instance Regression of Gene Expression
2.3 Attention-Based Model Interpretability
2.4 Evaluation of Performance and Interpretability

3 Experiments and Results
3.1 Network Training
3.2 Quantitative Model Evaluation
3.3 Attention-Based Identification of Hotspots and Patterns
3.4 Quantitative Evaluation of the Attention
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
A Description of Selected Genes
B Detailed Model Evaluation
C Additional Visualizations
D Single-Cell Co-expression
References
Beyond Voxel Prediction Uncertainty: Identifying Brain Lesions You Can Trust
1 Introduction
2 Our Framework: Graph Modelization for Lesion Uncertainty Quantification

2.1 Monte Carlo Dropout Model and Voxel-Wise Uncertainty
2.2 Graph Dataset Generation
2.3 GCNN Architecture and Training
3 Material and Method
3.1 Data
3.2 Comparison with Known Approaches
3.3 Evaluation Setting
3.4 Implementation Details
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Interpretable Vertebral Fracture Diagnosis
1 Introduction
1.1 Related Work
2 Methodology
2.1 Vertebral Fracture Detection
2.2 Semantic Concept Extraction (Correlation)
2.3 Visualization of Highly Correlating Concepts at Inference
3 Experimental Setup