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Table of Contents
Intro
Preface
Acknowledgement
Contents
Editors and Contributors
Chapter 1: Biofuel Production from Conventional Feedstocks: Challenges and Alternatives
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Types of Biofuel Feedstock
1.2.1 First Generation
1.2.2 Second Generation
1.2.3 Third Generation
1.2.4 Fourth Generation
1.3 Types of Biofuel
1.3.1 Bioethanol
1.3.2 Biodiesel
1.4 Challenges with Conventional Biofuel Feedstocks
1.4.1 Environmental Impacts
1.4.2 Socio-economic Issues
1.4.3 Technological Issues
1.4.4 Certification Issues
1.5 Application of Waste Materials as Feedstock for Biofuel Production
1.5.1 Waste Oil
1.5.2 Fishery Waste
1.5.3 Animal Fats
1.5.4 Agricultural Waste
1.5.5 Food Waste
1.5.6 Microalgae Biofuel Feedstock
1.6 Summary and Future Research
References
Chapter 2: Novel Feedstocks for Biofuels: Current Scenario and Recent Advancements
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Biofuels
2.2.1 First-Generation Biofuels
2.2.2 Second-Generation Biofuels
2.2.3 Third-Generation Biofuels
2.2.4 Fourth-Generation Biofuels
2.3 Types of Biofuels
2.3.1 Bioethanol
2.3.2 Biodiesel
2.3.3 Biogas
2.4 Biofuel Production from Various Novel Feedstocks
2.4.1 Biofuel Production Using Biomass and Lignocellulose-Based Feedstocks
2.4.1.1 Non-edible Forest Products
2.4.1.2 Aquatic Weeds
2.4.1.3 Microalgae
2.4.2 Biofuel Production Using Non-edible Oilseeds
2.4.3 Biofuel Production Using Waste Products
2.4.3.1 Municipal Solid Waste
2.4.3.2 Waste Oils
2.4.3.3 Sewage Wastes
2.5 Challenges of Using Novel Feedstocks
2.6 Future Prospects and Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: Non-edible Oil Plants for Biodiesel Production
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Global Scenario of the Biodiesel Production
3.3 Agricultural Aspects About Non-edible Plants
3.4 Physicochemical Properties of Non-edible Oil Feedstock
3.5 Biodiesel Production from Non-edible Oils: Case Studies
3.5.1 Physicochemical Proprieties and Biodiesel Quality
3.5.2 Emissions of Biodiesel from Non-edible Oils
3.6 Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 4: Role of Microorganisms in Production of Biofuels
4.1 Overview
4.2 Application of Microorganisms for Waste Treatment
4.2.1 Microorganisms as Source of Hydrolytic Enzymes
4.2.1.1 Starch and Saccharification Enzymes
Alpha-Amylase
Beta-Amylase
Glucoamylase
4.2.1.2 Pectins and Pectinolytic Enzymes
4.2.1.3 Hemicellulose and Hemicellulolytic Enzymes
4.2.1.4 Cellulose and Cellulolytic Enzymes
4.2.1.5 Lignin and Ligninolytic Enzymes
4.2.1.6 Mannan
4.2.2 Microorganisms for Pretreatment of Solid Waste
4.2.2.1 Bacterial Pretreatment
4.2.2.2 Fungal Pretreatment
4.2.3 Microorganisms for Treatment of Wastewater
4.3 Potential Microorganisms for Biofuel Production
4.3.1 Bioethanol
4.3.2 Biodiesel
4.3.3 Biogas
Preface
Acknowledgement
Contents
Editors and Contributors
Chapter 1: Biofuel Production from Conventional Feedstocks: Challenges and Alternatives
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Types of Biofuel Feedstock
1.2.1 First Generation
1.2.2 Second Generation
1.2.3 Third Generation
1.2.4 Fourth Generation
1.3 Types of Biofuel
1.3.1 Bioethanol
1.3.2 Biodiesel
1.4 Challenges with Conventional Biofuel Feedstocks
1.4.1 Environmental Impacts
1.4.2 Socio-economic Issues
1.4.3 Technological Issues
1.4.4 Certification Issues
1.5 Application of Waste Materials as Feedstock for Biofuel Production
1.5.1 Waste Oil
1.5.2 Fishery Waste
1.5.3 Animal Fats
1.5.4 Agricultural Waste
1.5.5 Food Waste
1.5.6 Microalgae Biofuel Feedstock
1.6 Summary and Future Research
References
Chapter 2: Novel Feedstocks for Biofuels: Current Scenario and Recent Advancements
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Biofuels
2.2.1 First-Generation Biofuels
2.2.2 Second-Generation Biofuels
2.2.3 Third-Generation Biofuels
2.2.4 Fourth-Generation Biofuels
2.3 Types of Biofuels
2.3.1 Bioethanol
2.3.2 Biodiesel
2.3.3 Biogas
2.4 Biofuel Production from Various Novel Feedstocks
2.4.1 Biofuel Production Using Biomass and Lignocellulose-Based Feedstocks
2.4.1.1 Non-edible Forest Products
2.4.1.2 Aquatic Weeds
2.4.1.3 Microalgae
2.4.2 Biofuel Production Using Non-edible Oilseeds
2.4.3 Biofuel Production Using Waste Products
2.4.3.1 Municipal Solid Waste
2.4.3.2 Waste Oils
2.4.3.3 Sewage Wastes
2.5 Challenges of Using Novel Feedstocks
2.6 Future Prospects and Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: Non-edible Oil Plants for Biodiesel Production
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Global Scenario of the Biodiesel Production
3.3 Agricultural Aspects About Non-edible Plants
3.4 Physicochemical Properties of Non-edible Oil Feedstock
3.5 Biodiesel Production from Non-edible Oils: Case Studies
3.5.1 Physicochemical Proprieties and Biodiesel Quality
3.5.2 Emissions of Biodiesel from Non-edible Oils
3.6 Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 4: Role of Microorganisms in Production of Biofuels
4.1 Overview
4.2 Application of Microorganisms for Waste Treatment
4.2.1 Microorganisms as Source of Hydrolytic Enzymes
4.2.1.1 Starch and Saccharification Enzymes
Alpha-Amylase
Beta-Amylase
Glucoamylase
4.2.1.2 Pectins and Pectinolytic Enzymes
4.2.1.3 Hemicellulose and Hemicellulolytic Enzymes
4.2.1.4 Cellulose and Cellulolytic Enzymes
4.2.1.5 Lignin and Ligninolytic Enzymes
4.2.1.6 Mannan
4.2.2 Microorganisms for Pretreatment of Solid Waste
4.2.2.1 Bacterial Pretreatment
4.2.2.2 Fungal Pretreatment
4.2.3 Microorganisms for Treatment of Wastewater
4.3 Potential Microorganisms for Biofuel Production
4.3.1 Bioethanol
4.3.2 Biodiesel
4.3.3 Biogas