Natural gas at the frontline between the EU, Russia, and Turkey: a conflict-cooperation perpetuum / Roxana Andrei.
Andrei, Roxana.
2023
HD9502.E852
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Title
Natural gas at the frontline between the EU, Russia, and Turkey: a conflict-cooperation perpetuum / Roxana Andrei.
Author
Andrei, Roxana.
ISBN
9783031170577 (electronic bk.)
3031170571 (electronic bk.)
3031170563
9783031170560
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17057-7
Publication Details
Cham, Switzerland : Palgrave Macmillan, 2023.
Language
English
Description
1 online resource
Item Number
10.1007/978-3-031-17057-7 doi
Call Number
HD9502.E852
Dewey Decimal Classification
333.79094
Summary
This book analyses the rapidly unfolding events that have impacted on the European energy dynamics, in the light of the way in Ukraine and the energy crisis that have reconfigured, since 2022, the European and the global geopolitical scene, dislocating not only crucial natural resources but also the pace of the energy transition and the continents existential security, its basic trust and sense of continuity. It introduces an innovative interpretation of the conflict and cooperation dynamics in Europe, by challenging the reader to look beyond the material aspects of energy security, related to supply and demand, consumption, production and prices dynamics, which I nonetheless explain in detail. Thus, it invites the audience to explore the deeper layer of motivations that underpin the actors decision to engage in conflict and cooperation, by exploring their cognitive and psychological considerations, in addition to the material ones. For this purpose, it presents a new conceptual tool, the conflict-cooperation perpetuum, in order to explain why the same players, in this case the EU, Russia and Turkey, may choose to simultaneously perceive each other as security threats and trade partners, engaging in both conflict and cooperation simultaneously with the same Other. In addition, it proposes to apply the framework of ontological security, in order to understand the responses of the EU, Russia and Turkey to the major existential crises that have affected them in past years, culminating with the war in Ukraine and the energy crisis of 2022. Roxana Andrei is an International Affairs and Security expert, working in the field of international security, energy policy and conflict resolution. She has been collaborating with the Council of Europe, the University of Coimbra, the European Defence Agency and the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe, and she coordinated numerous international projects in the field of conflict management, peacebuilding and sustainable development in the public and non-governmental sector.
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Print version: 9783031170560
Natural gas at the frontline between the EU, Russia, and Turkey
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Intro
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Abbreviations
1 Introduction
The Unsettled Puzzle: The EU, Russia and Turkey Between Political Foes and Energy Partners
The Novelty: Introducing the Conflict-Cooperation Perpetuum and the Ontological Security Frameworks
Methodology
Outline of the Book
The Way Forward: Future Research Avenues
References
2 Energy as Security: Overcoming Theoretical and Conceptual Reductionism in Energy Studies
Energy Relations from Cooperative Trade to Conflictual Geopolitics

Theoretical Reductionism in Interpreting and Understanding Energy Relations in Europe
Geopolitical Reductionism: Energy (Re)sources of Conflict
The Energy Security Dilemma Bias
The Asymmetric Interdependence Bias
The Energy Weapon Bias
Critical Reductionism: Construction and Securitisation of Energy in Europe
Bridging Theories in Energy Studies: Social Constructivism and Neoclassical Realism
Critical Security Literature and Securitisation Theory: A Confined Contribution to Energy Studies

Conceptual Reductionism in Debating Conflict, Cooperation and Security in the Energy Field
The Conflict-Cooperation Dichotomy Bias: Conflict and Cooperation as Binary, Opposing Concepts
Conceptual Reductionism of Energy Security: The Material-Ideational Dichotomy Bias
References
3 Ontological Energy Security: Cognitive and Material Foundations for a Conflict-Cooperation Perpetuum
The Conflict-Cooperation Perpetuum: Conflict and Cooperation as Coexisting Instances
Ontological Security: Cognitive Foundations of Conflict and Cooperation in the Energy Field

Ontological Security: An Innovative Theoretical Framework for Energy Studies
Ontological Security in IR: A Combined Material-Cognitive Framework of Understanding Energy Relations in Europe
References
4 Natural Gas at the Frontline of the Energy Crisis and the War in Ukraine: A Material Perspective
Natural Gas in 2020-2022: A Rollercoaster of Market Dynamics and Geopolitics
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the European Gas Dynamics: 2020-The Year of Extreme Optimism

Natural Gas During the Energy Crisis and the War in Ukraine: 2021/2022-The Years of Low Supplies and High Anxieties
Every Molecule Matters: The EU's Alternatives to Russian Gas and the Future of Natural Gas in Europe
Alternatives to Russian Gas: Energy Security as Energy Survival
The Role of Natural Gas in Europe in 2022 and Beyond
References
5 The EU's Physical and Ontological Energy Security Quest: Between a Vulnerable Importer of Energy and an Assertive Exporter of Values
The Post-Cold War Years: A New Energy and Geopolitical Balance Between the EU and Russia

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