Intro
Preface
Contents
1: Displaced Proximal Humeral Fractures in the Elderly: Conservative Treatment Versus Open Reduction and Internal Fixation Versus Hemiarthroplasty Versus Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Epidemiology, Pathoanatomy, and Fracture Classification
1.2.1 Epidemiology
1.2.2 Pathoanatomy
1.2.3 Classification
1.3 Diagnosis: Clinical Presentation and Imaging
1.3.1 Clinical Presentation
1.3.2 Imaging
1.4 Treatment
1.4.1 Nonoperative Treatment
1.4.2 Operative Treatment

1.4.2.1 Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF)
Technique
1.4.2.2 Intramedullary Nailing (IMN)
1.4.2.3 Arthroplasty
Hemiarthroplasty (HA)
Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty (RSA)
Outcomes
1.5 Postoperative Rehabilitation
1.6 Outcomes Evaluation
1.6.1 Health Questionnaires
1.6.2 Functional Scales
1.7 Overall Complications
1.8 Mortality
1.9 Conclusions
References
2: Surgical Versus Conservative Interventions for Treating Acromioclavicular Dislocation of the Shoulder in Adults
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Epidemiology and Classification

2.3 Diagnosis
2.4 Treatment and Results
2.5 Surgical Treatment
2.6 Acute Injuries
2.7 Chronic Injuries
2.8 Conclusions
References
3: Calcific Tendinopathy of the Rotator Cuff in Adults: Operative Versus Nonoperative Management
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Pathogenesis
3.3 Imaging
3.4 Treatment
3.4.1 Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Irrigation of Rotator Cuff Calcific Tendinopathy (US-PICT)
3.4.1.1 US-Guided Percutaneous Irrigation of Calcific Tendinopathy of the Rotator Cuff in Patients with or Without Previous External Shockwave Therapy

3.4.1.2 Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Treatment of the Rotator Cuff Calcific Tendinopathy with Double Needle Technique
3.4.1.3 US-PICT: Redefining Predictors of Treatment Outcome
3.4.2 External Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT)
3.4.2.1 Focused, Radial, and Combined ESWT
3.4.2.2 Effectiveness of Focused Shockwave Therapy Versus Radial Shockwave Therapy for Noncalcific Rotator Cuff Tendinopathies: A Randomized Clinical Trial
3.4.3 Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)
3.4.4 Needle Aspiration
3.4.5 Dextrose Prolotherapy
3.4.6 Sodium Thiosulfate
3.4.7 Surgical Treatment

3.5 Comparative Studies
3.5.1 Operative Versus Nonoperative Management
3.5.2 Radial ESWT Versus Ultrasound Therapy
3.5.3 Comparing Ultrasound-Guided Needling Combined with a Subacromial Corticosteroid Versus High-Energy ESWT
3.5.4 Comparison of Radial Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy and Traditional Rehabilitation Medicine
3.6 Conclusions
References
4: Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Instability in Adults: Bankart or Latarjet?
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Bankart Procedure
4.2.1 Open Bankart Repair
4.2.2 Arthroscopic Bankart Repair
4.3 Latarjet Procedure