4.1 Measured Data of Internode Length
4.2 Optimal [omega] Distribution
4.3 Sample-Dependent Fluctuation
5 Graded Distribution of Vascular Bundle
5.1 Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs)
5.2 Formulation of Fiber Distribution
5.3 Formulation of Bending Stiffness
5.4 Optimal Fiber Distribution
6 Concluding Remark
References
Review of the State of the Art Using CT to Elucidate Complex Vascular Systems of Plants
1 Introduction
2 Vascular Bundle Systems in Plants Studied by CT
2.1 Morphology and Anatomy of Selected Examples

Intro
Contents
About the Editors
Bamboo: A Mechanically Optimum Design in Nature
1 Introduction
1.1 Bamboo as a Natural Resource
1.2 Structural Wisdom Hidden in Bamboo Culm
2 Fast-Growing Wild Bamboo
2.1 Role of Nodes and Rhizome
2.2 Stepwise Elongation of Internodes
3 Basic Theory for Beam Bending
3.1 Second Moment of Inertia and Bending Stiffness
3.2 Mechanical Parameters of Real Bamboo Culm
3.3 Brazier Phenomenon in Hollow Cylinder
3.4 Cap-Induced Suppression of Ovalization
3.5 Stiffening Parameter [omega]
4 Optimal Node Distribution in Wild Bamboo

2.2 Fibre-Reinforced Polymers and Altered Natural Fibre Materials
2.3 Examples of CT Use for Biomimetic Product Development
3 Available CT Techniques
4 Segmentation Methods
5 Combination of CT with Other Digital Methods
6 Conclusion
References
An Overview of the Potential Usage of Bamboo Plants in Medical Field
1 Effects of Bamboo Consumption on Diabetes Mellitus
2 Bamboo Effects on Cholesterol, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease
3 Antioxidants
4 Anti-cancer
5 Pharmaceutical Purposes
6 Antibacterial Properties of Bamboo

7 Effects of Bamboo Consumption on Gut Microbiota
8 Conclusion
References
Novel Food Product Development Through Food-to-Food Fortification with Nutrient and Bioactive Compound-Rich Bamboo Shoot
1 Introduction
2 Bamboo Shoot Processing and Fortification
3 Products Fortified with Bamboo Shoots
4 Bioactive Compounds of Bamboo Shoot Fortified Products
5 Antioxidant Properties of Bamboo Shoot Fortified Products
6 Conclusion
References
Potential of Bamboo in the Prevention of Diabetes-Related Disorders: Possible Mechanisms for Prevention
1 Introduction

2 Traditional Medicinal Uses of Bamboo
3 Bioactive Compounds in Bamboo and Their Potential Health Benefits
4 Experimental Models for Hypoglycemic and Anti-diabetic Studies
5 Hypoglycemic and Anti-diabetic Properties of Bamboo
6 Anti-diabetic Properties of Bamboo Antioxidants
7 Scientific Evidence of Probable Anti-diabetic Mechanism with Specific Targets
7.1 Aldose Reductase (ALR) and Advanced Glycation End Products (AGE)
7.2 Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK)
7.3 Pro-inflammatory Cytokines
7.4 Saccharide Hydrolyzing Enzymes
8 Conclusion