Intro
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Notes on Contributors
List of Figures
Normative Press Theories and the Revisiting of Media Roles in Africa's Changing Socio-economic and Political Contexts
1 Introduction
1.1 An Overview of African Media Environment
1.2 Evolution and Development of the Mass Media in Africa
1.2.1 Nigeria
1.2.2 Kenya
1.2.3 South Africa
1.2.4 Tunisia
2 Normative Theories in Perspective
2.1 Application of Normative Theories in Africa's Changing Socio-economic and Political Contexts: Matters Arising

2.2 Rethinking Normative Media Theories in the Digital Era: Case Studies in Africa
2.3 Critical Evaluation of the Normative Theories and the State: Press Relations in Africa
3 Conclusion
References
Theorising African Journalism: The Reportage of China's Maritime Silk Road Initiative in Four African Newspapers
1 Introduction
2 Background of the Case Study: MSRI
3 Framing (and Frame-Building) Theory and Resource Dependence Theory: The African Context
3.1 Critiquing Framing Theory
3.1.1 Resource Dependence Theory (RDT)
4 Discussion
4.1 Portrayal Patterns

4.1.1 Predominant Themes in Media Reportage of BRI-MSRI
Primary Beneficiaries of BRI-MSRI Outcomes, as Indicated in the Newspapers
5 Pointers for Building Theoretical Propositions on African Journalism
5.1 (Theoretical) Propositions
6 Conclusion
References
Legislative Control and Native Metaphors in Social Media Interactions in Africa: Making Liberal Press Theories Functional in the Continent
1 Introduction
2 Debating Speech Freedom and the Politics of Authority
3 Interrogating the Nigerian Press Scenario: A Script for Africa

4 A Tree with Four Branches: Normative Theories in Perspective
5 Perspective on Legislative, Government Control and Media Experiences in Africa
6 Social Media Handles of Freedom and the Platform of Shifting Realities
7 Metaphorical Disguise of Netizens in Digital Space
8 Conclusion
References
Understanding Critical and Cultural Theories: An African Perspective
1 Introduction
1.1 Understanding Assumptions and Concepts of the Critical Cultural Theories
2 What Are Critical Cultural Theories?
2.1 Critical Cultural Theory: A Variety of Theories

2.2 Symbolic Interaction Theory
2.3 Social Construction of Reality Theory
2.4 Media Intrusion Theory
2.5 Culture Industries: Media and the Commodification of Culture
3 Globalization, Media and Culture
3.1 The Link Between Global Media Systems and Cultural Realities in Africa
3.2 Global Media and African Culture: The Good, the Bad
4 Media Imperialism Across Africa
4.1 Tanzania
4.1.1 Use of Language
4.1.2 Songs, Music and Dances
4.1.3 Foods and Drinks
4.1.4 Fast Foods
4.1.5 Clothing
4.2 Nigeria
4.2.1 Commodification of Culture
4.2.2 Religion