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Table of Contents
Intro
Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Biomass-Based Functional Carbon Nanostructures for Supercapacitors
1 Introduction
2 Origin of Biomass Usage
2.1 Agricultural and Forest Residue
2.2 Industrial Biomass Residue
2.3 Algal Biomass
3 Nanostructured Bio-based Carbon Materials: Preparation and Characterization
3.1 Pyrolysis
3.2 Chemical Vapor Deposition
3.3 Arc Discharge
3.4 Laser Ablation
3.5 Hydrothermal Method
4 Preparation and Evaluation of Newly Developed Bio-derived Precursor as Electrodes in Energy Storage Applications
5 Nanostructure Morphology and the Kind of Precursor
5.1 Biomass-Derived Carbon Nanotubes (CNT)
5.2 Biomass-Derived Carbon Nanosphere
5.3 Biomass-Derived Carbon Nanosheets
5.4 Biomass-Derived Carbon Dots
5.5 Biomass-Derived Carbon Nanoflowers
6 Novel Nanoelectrode Materials in 0-, 1-, 2-, and 3-Dimensional Materials from Biomass-Derived Carbons Including an Overview of the Design
7 Comparison of Performance of the Various Bio Waste-Based Supercapacitors
8 Function of Biomass-Derived Carbon Electrodes in Energy Storage Application
9 The Recent Development and Challenges of Biowaste-Based Electrode Materials for Storage Applications
10 Conclusion and Future Scope
References
Methods for Production of Functional Carbon Nanostructures from Biomass
1 Introduction
2 Carbon Nanostructures
2.1 Various Forms of Carbonaceous Nano Materials (CNMs)
3 Biomass: A Renewable Source of Carbon
3.1 Biomass
3.2 Classification of Biomass
3.3 Chemical Characterization of Biomass
4 Biomass as a Renewable Carbon Source for CNMs Synthesis
5 Preparation of CNMs from Biomass
5.1 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
5.2 Graphene
5.3 Carbon Nanofibers (CNFs)
5.4 Carbon Nano-onions
5.5 Carbon Nano-Spheres
6 Modifications of CNMs
6.1 Modification Procedures of CNTs: Primary Designs
6.2 Chemical Modification Strategies of Graphene
7 Conclusion and Future Out-Scope
References
Key Limitations of Biomass-Derived Carbon Nanostructures for Energy Application
1 Introduction
2 Overview of Carbon-Based Supercapacitor Requirements
3 A Brief Review of the Strategies to Improve Carbon-Based Material Properties for Supercapacitors
4 Main Challenges of Biomass Utilization to Produce Supercapacitors
5 Conclusions
References
Carbon Nanostructures with the Ultra-High Surface Area and Porosity Derived from Biomass
1 Introduction to the Nanostructure of Carbon Electrodes in Supercapacitors
2 Roles of Morphology, Surface Areas, Pore Size and Pore Distribution on Specific Capacitance and Energy Density
2.1 Surface Morphology and Pore Size Distribution
2.2 Role of Each Pore Type in Supercapacitors
3 Biomass-Derived Carbons
4 Current Challenges and Conclusions
References
Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Biomass-Based Functional Carbon Nanostructures for Supercapacitors
1 Introduction
2 Origin of Biomass Usage
2.1 Agricultural and Forest Residue
2.2 Industrial Biomass Residue
2.3 Algal Biomass
3 Nanostructured Bio-based Carbon Materials: Preparation and Characterization
3.1 Pyrolysis
3.2 Chemical Vapor Deposition
3.3 Arc Discharge
3.4 Laser Ablation
3.5 Hydrothermal Method
4 Preparation and Evaluation of Newly Developed Bio-derived Precursor as Electrodes in Energy Storage Applications
5 Nanostructure Morphology and the Kind of Precursor
5.1 Biomass-Derived Carbon Nanotubes (CNT)
5.2 Biomass-Derived Carbon Nanosphere
5.3 Biomass-Derived Carbon Nanosheets
5.4 Biomass-Derived Carbon Dots
5.5 Biomass-Derived Carbon Nanoflowers
6 Novel Nanoelectrode Materials in 0-, 1-, 2-, and 3-Dimensional Materials from Biomass-Derived Carbons Including an Overview of the Design
7 Comparison of Performance of the Various Bio Waste-Based Supercapacitors
8 Function of Biomass-Derived Carbon Electrodes in Energy Storage Application
9 The Recent Development and Challenges of Biowaste-Based Electrode Materials for Storage Applications
10 Conclusion and Future Scope
References
Methods for Production of Functional Carbon Nanostructures from Biomass
1 Introduction
2 Carbon Nanostructures
2.1 Various Forms of Carbonaceous Nano Materials (CNMs)
3 Biomass: A Renewable Source of Carbon
3.1 Biomass
3.2 Classification of Biomass
3.3 Chemical Characterization of Biomass
4 Biomass as a Renewable Carbon Source for CNMs Synthesis
5 Preparation of CNMs from Biomass
5.1 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
5.2 Graphene
5.3 Carbon Nanofibers (CNFs)
5.4 Carbon Nano-onions
5.5 Carbon Nano-Spheres
6 Modifications of CNMs
6.1 Modification Procedures of CNTs: Primary Designs
6.2 Chemical Modification Strategies of Graphene
7 Conclusion and Future Out-Scope
References
Key Limitations of Biomass-Derived Carbon Nanostructures for Energy Application
1 Introduction
2 Overview of Carbon-Based Supercapacitor Requirements
3 A Brief Review of the Strategies to Improve Carbon-Based Material Properties for Supercapacitors
4 Main Challenges of Biomass Utilization to Produce Supercapacitors
5 Conclusions
References
Carbon Nanostructures with the Ultra-High Surface Area and Porosity Derived from Biomass
1 Introduction to the Nanostructure of Carbon Electrodes in Supercapacitors
2 Roles of Morphology, Surface Areas, Pore Size and Pore Distribution on Specific Capacitance and Energy Density
2.1 Surface Morphology and Pore Size Distribution
2.2 Role of Each Pore Type in Supercapacitors
3 Biomass-Derived Carbons
4 Current Challenges and Conclusions
References