Intro
Acknowledgement
Contents
About the Editor
Electrocatalytic Seawater Splitting
1 Preface
2 Principles of Electrocatalytic SW Splitting
2.1 The Basic Principles for Electrocatalytic SW Splitting
2.2 Features of Electrocatalytic SW Splitting
3 Materials Used for the HER in SW
3.1 Noble Metal-Based Materials
3.2 Non-noble Metal-Based Materials
4 Materials Used for OER in SW
4.1 Metal Oxides or (Oxy)hydroxides
4.2 Metal Nitrides
4.3 Metal Sulfides
4.4 Compounds and Others
5 Bifunctional Materials Used for HER/OER in SW
5.1 Metals

5.2 Metal Oxides or (Oxy)hydroxides
5.3 Metal Nitrides
5.4 Metal Phosphides
5.5 Metal Chalcogenides
5.6 Compounds
6 Industrialization
6.1 Electrolyzers
6.2 Purification Technique and Cost Analysis
6.3 SW Reverse Osmosis Coupled with Water Electrolysis
7 Conclusion
8 Outlook
References
Photocatalytic Seawater Splitting
1 Preface
2 Principles
2.1 Mechanism for H2 Production in PCSW Systems
2.2 Measurement of the Performance of PCWS Systems
2.3 Features and Effects on the Performance
3 Materials Used for PCSS

3.1 Introduction (Material Type, Synthesis, Structure, Characteristic Properties, and Performance in Seawater Splitting)
3.2 TiO2-based Materials
3.3 Polymer-Based Materials
3.4 Solid Solution-Based Materials
3.5 Other Types of Materials
4 Industrialization
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Economical Costs versus Practical Value
4.3 Large-Scale Synthesis of Photocatalysts
4.4 System Design
4.5 Technology Cost Competitiveness
5 Perspectives
6 Conclusion
References
Photoelectrocatalytic Seawater Splitting
1 Preface

2 Principles Serving as the Foundation of Photoelectrocatalytic Water Splitting
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Mechanism of PEC Water Splitting
2.3 Features of PEC Water Splitting and Effects on the Performance
3 Materials Used in PEC Seawater Splitting Systems
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Understanding the PEC SW Splitting Mechanisms
3.3 Metal Oxides Materials for Seawater Splitting
3.4 Non-oxide Photoelectrodes for Seawater Splitting
4 Implementation
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Efficiency and Cost
4.3 PEC Systems and Devices
5 Challenges

5.1 Unassisted STH Conversion Inefficiency
5.2 Self-oxidation/reduction Promoted Photocorrosion
5.3 Scale-Up for Creating Practical PEC Devices
6 Summary and Outlook
References
Photovoltaic Electrocatalytic Seawater Splitting
1 Introduction
2 Principles
2.1 PV Cells
2.2 Electrocatalytic Seawater Splitting
2.3 Historical Development PVEC Seawater Splitting Systems
3 Progress Made in Designing Efficient PVEC Seawater Splitting Systems
3.1 Metals
3.2 Intermetallic Compounds
3.3 Metal/Intermetallic Composites
4 Industrialization
4.1 PV Cells