Chapter 1: What is the problem of thinking with images?
The Irreducibility Thesis
Two interpretations of the Irreducibility Thesis
The Translatability Thesis
Summary
Chapter 2: What is thinking?
The Epistemological Challenge
Wittgenstein's argument from content indeterminacy

Frege-Davidson's argument from lack of logical form
The pictorial fallacy
The Semantical Challenge
The Metaphysical Challenge
The Received View
Metaphors of thinking
Summary
Chapter 3: What answers should we expect?
Imagistic thoughts as theoretical objects
Thoughts-perception border
Wittgenstein-Ryle's sceptical argument
The operational approach
Explaining operations
Summary
Chapter 4: What do images do?
Case Study 1: Knot diagrams
What are constructions?
The content of diagrams
Properties of constructions
Explaining resemblance
Summary

Chapter 5: Recognition-based identification
Case Study 2: The picture of a black hole
Naturalness of icons
What is recognition?
Varieties of reference
Construction invariants
Iconic convention
Summary
Chapter 6: What is an image?
Two-dimensional model of iconic reference
Correctness conditions
The measurement-theoretic account of images
Application: Impossible images
Summary
Chapter 7: Thinking with images
Imagistic knowledge
Iconic content
Metaphysical constraints
Application 1: Representational format
Application 2: Mental imagery