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Table of Contents
Cover
Table of Contents
Introduction: Embodying Value
Power and Authority in the Mint
1. Weighing Things Up in Maarten de Vos's Tribunal of the Brabant Mint 1594
Joanna Woodall
2. Scaling the World: Allegory of Coinage and Monetary Governance in the Dutch Republic
Sebastian Felten and Jessica Stevenson Stewart
Currency and the Anxieties of Global Trade
3. Market Stall in Batavia: Money, Value, and Uncertainty in the Age of Global Trade
Angela Ho
4. Beyond the Mint: Picturing Gold on the Rijksmuseum's Box of the Dutch West India Company
Carrie Anderson
Coins and Persons
5. The Heft of Truth: Inwardness and Debased Coinage in Shakespeare's Plays
Rana Choi
6. Identity, Agency, Motion: Taylor's Twelvepence and the Poetry of Commodity
Heather G.S. Johnson
Coins in and out of Circulation
7. Margarethe Butzbach and the Florin Extorted by Blows
Coins Securing Social Bonds in Fifteenth-Century Germany*
Allison Stielau
8. Centring the Coin in Jacob Backer's Woman with a Coin*
Natasha Seaman
Credit and Risk
9. Accounting Faith and Seeing 'Ghost Money' in Masaccio's Tribute Money*
Roger J. Crum
10. Monetary Transactions and Pictorial Gambles in Georges de La Tour
Dalia Judovitz
Afterword
The Work of Art: The Installations of Kelli Rae Adams
Natasha Seaman
Index
List of Illustrations
I Leonhard Beck, The Young Emperor Maximilian Visiting a Mint, c. 1514-1516, woodcut, dimensions unknown, for Marx Treitzsauerwein, Der Weißkunig, privately circulated, 1526. Illustration from the edition commercially published by Joseph Kurzboeck, Vienna.
II Jost Amman (designer), Hartman Schopper (author), Monetarius, 1568, woodcut and letterpress, 148 × 79 mm (print 90 × 61), from Panoplia Omnium Illiberalium Mechanicarum (The Book of Trades), Frankfurt: Sigmund Feierabend, 1568. © Lebrecht Music &
Arts
III Unknown artist, Group Portrait of Mintmaster Clemens van Eembrugge and His Companions, 1581, oil on panel, dimensions unknown. 's-Heerenberg, Netherlands, Huis Bergh Castle.
IV Unknown Indo-Christian artist, The Virgin of Mount Potosí, c. 1740, oil on canvas, dimensions unknown. Potosí, Museo de la Casa Nacional de Moneda. Photo © Julie Laurent/Julyinireland (Flickr).
V Jacob Jonghelinck, medal of Philip II of Spain to commemorate the victory of Saint Quentin. Obverse: Philip II laureate, reverse: Saint Quentin with commemorative inscription, 1557, silver, 35 mm diameter. Location unknown. © Artokoloro/ Alamy Stock Ph
VI Frans Francken the Younger, The Cabinet of a Collector with Paintings, Shells, Coins, Fossils and Flowers, 1619, oil on panel, 85 × 56 cm. Antwerp, Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten. Photo: Hugo Maertens, Collection KMSKA - Flemish Community (CC0).
1.1 Maarten de Vos, The Tribunal of the Brabant Mint, datable to 1594, oil on panel, 142.5 × 187.5 cm. Antwerp, Museum Snijders Rockoxhuis (KBC Bank). Image © Museum Snijders&
Rockoxhuis / KBC, Erwin Donvil.
1.2 List of the Officers depicted in Maarten de Vos, The Tribunal of the Brabant Mint. Original lost, formatted as transcribed by the antiquarian Jan Baptist van der Straelen (1761-1847). From Beatrijs Wolters van der Wey, "Munters", Document 1.
1.3 Maarten de Vos, drawing for The Tribunal of the Brabant Mint, datable to c. 1594, pen and brown ink and wash over black chalk within brown-ink framing lines, 29.5 × 39.8 cm. Antwerp, Museum Snijders Rockoxhuis (KBC Bank). Image © Museum Snijders&.
Rocko
1.4 Unknown designer, real of Philip II, Mint of the Duchy of Brabant, Antwerp, 1555-1576. Obverse and reverse, gold, dimensions unknown. Amsterdam, The National Numismatic Collection, managed by De Nederlandsche Bank, Inventory number NM-09654.
1.5 Pieter Paul Rubens, sketch for The Arch of the Mint (front with Moneta), datable to c. 1635, oil on panel, 104 × 71 cm. Antwerp, Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten. . Photo: Rik Klein Gotink.
1.6 Pieter van der Borcht, Public Stage on the Market Place, 1594-1595, etching, 32.5 × 20.4 cm, from Joannes Bochius, Descriptio Publicae Gratulationis, Spectaculorum et Ludorum, in Adventu Sereniss. Principis Ernesti Archiducis Austriae, Antwerp: Ex Off
1.7 Ioan Wouters, apprentice proof of competence. Obverse: Saint John the Baptist, reverse: moneyer's balance, April 1614, silver, 25 mm diameter. Antwerp, Museum aan de Stroom. Photo: Tom van Ghent.
1.8 Detail from Joost Amman (designer), Michael Manger (printmaker), Aigentliche Abbildung deß Gantzen Gewerbs der Löblichen Kauffmanschafft und Fürnehmsten Handelstadt (Allegory of Commerce, the Glory of Antwerp), 1585, woodcut and letterpress, 108.5 × 8
1.9 Guillaum de Neve, boxed coin weights and hand balance for weighing silver coins, c. 1644, various media, dimensions unknown. Amsterdam, The National Numismatic Collection, managed by De Nederlandsche Bank.
2.1 Romeyn de Hooghe (attributed), Allegory of Coinage, after 1681, oil on canvas, 135 × 178 × 8.3 cm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Object No. SK-A-833.
2.2 Unknown designer, duit, c. 1590-1596. Reverse, copper, 24 mm diameter. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Object No. NG-NM-7747-3.
2.3 Unknown designer, guilder of the Dutch Republic, Mint of Holland, Dordrecht, 1682. Obverse, silver, 33 mm diameter. Object No. KOG-MP-1-1561B.
2.4 Theodor de Bry, "Nigritae in Scrutandis Venis Metallicis/ ab Hispanis in Insulas" (Blacks Examining Metallic Veins/ from Spaniards on the Islands), Part 5 of Americae, Frankfurt am Main, 1595, engraving, image 15.9 × 19.5 cm (overall 34.5 × 23.5 cm).
2.5 Romeyn de Hooghe, "Vastgestelde Geloof" (Established Faith), Chapter 36 of his Hieroglyphica oft Merkbeelden der Oude Volkeren, Amsterdam, 1735, etching, overall 26 × 19.2 cm. Courtesy of The Rare Book &
Manuscript Library, University of Illinois at U
2.6 Romeyn de Hooghe, "Van de Joodsche Stand by Christus Tyden" (On the Position of the Jews at the Time of Christ), Chapter 30 of his Hieroglyphica oft Merkbeelden der Oude Volkeren, Amsterdam, 1735, etching, overall 26 × 19.2 cm. Courtesy of The Rare Bo
2.7 Jan Luyken, "De Munter" (The Coiner), from Casper Luyken and Jan Luyken, Spiegel van het Menselyk Bedryf, Amsterdam, 1704, etching, 14.3 × 8.1 cm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Object No. RP-P-OB-44.532.
2.8 Romeyn de Hooghe, "Peace before the Invasion of France," Schouwburg der Nederlandse Verandering, Amsterdam, 1674, etching, 23.2 × 35 cm. Courtesy of The Trustees of the British Museum, London, Inv. No. Y,1.80
2.9 Simon Fokke, Willem V Neemt Zitting als Bewindhebber bij de VOC (Willem V Sits as Director of the VOC), 1768, etching, 29.7 × 40.4 cm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum. Object No. RP-P-OB-84.691.
3.1 Andries Beeckman (attributed), A Market Stall in Batavia, c. 1650s-1660s, oil on canvas, 106 × 174.5 cm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
3.2 Julius Milheuser after Johannes Vinckboons, View of Batavia, 1619 - 1680, etching, 42.7 cm × 95.1 cm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
3.3 Andries Beeckman, The Castle of Batavia, 1661, oil on canvas, 108 × 151.5 cm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
3.4 Gabriel Metsu, A Woman Selling Poultry and Fish, 1656-1658, oil on canvas, 40.8 x 35.3 cm. Kassel, Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister. Bpk Bildagentur/ Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Kassel/Art Resource, NY.
3.5 Joachim Beuckelaer, Vegetable Seller, 1563, oil on panel, 112.2 × 163.5 cm. Valenciennes, Musée des Beaux-Arts. Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY.
3.6 Gabriel Metsu, Vegetable Market in Amsterdam, c. 1660, oil on canvas, 97 × 83 cm. Paris, Musée du Louvre. Scala/Art Resource, NY.
3.7 Marinus van Reymerswaele, Moneychanger and his Wife, 1538, oil on panel, 79 × 107 cm. Madrid, Museo del Prado. © Museo Nacional del Prado/Art Resource, NY.
3.8 Quentin Metsys, Money Changer and his Wife, 1514, oil on panel, 74 × 68 cm. Paris, Musée du Louvre. Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY.
4.1 Jean Saint and François Thuret, box of the Dutch West India Company, 1749, gold, tortoiseshell, velvet, 5.8 × 18 × 11.9 cm (h/l/w). Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
4.2 Jean Saint and François Thuret, box of the Dutch West India Company (detail, lid), 1749, gold, tortoiseshell, velvet, 5.8 × 18 × 11.9 cm (h/l/w). Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
4.3 Jean Saint and François Thuret, box of the Dutch West India Company (detail, "Curaçao"), 1749, gold, tortoiseshell, velvet, 5.8 × 18 × 11.9 cm (h/l/w). Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
4.4 Jean Saint and François Thuret, box of the Dutch West India Company (detail, "St. George Delmina"), 1749, gold, tortoiseshell, velvet, 5.8 × 18 × 11.9 cm (h/l/w). Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
4.5 Jean Saint and François Thuret, box of the Dutch West India Company (detail, base), 1749, gold, tortoiseshell, velvet, 5.8 × 18 × 11.9 cm (h/l/w). Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
4.6 Pieter Jannsen Bas, 12-guilder emergency coin issued by the Dutch West India Company during the Portuguese siege of Pernambuco. Obverse and reverse, 1645-1646, gold, 18 × 18 mm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
Table of Contents
Introduction: Embodying Value
Power and Authority in the Mint
1. Weighing Things Up in Maarten de Vos's Tribunal of the Brabant Mint 1594
Joanna Woodall
2. Scaling the World: Allegory of Coinage and Monetary Governance in the Dutch Republic
Sebastian Felten and Jessica Stevenson Stewart
Currency and the Anxieties of Global Trade
3. Market Stall in Batavia: Money, Value, and Uncertainty in the Age of Global Trade
Angela Ho
4. Beyond the Mint: Picturing Gold on the Rijksmuseum's Box of the Dutch West India Company
Carrie Anderson
Coins and Persons
5. The Heft of Truth: Inwardness and Debased Coinage in Shakespeare's Plays
Rana Choi
6. Identity, Agency, Motion: Taylor's Twelvepence and the Poetry of Commodity
Heather G.S. Johnson
Coins in and out of Circulation
7. Margarethe Butzbach and the Florin Extorted by Blows
Coins Securing Social Bonds in Fifteenth-Century Germany*
Allison Stielau
8. Centring the Coin in Jacob Backer's Woman with a Coin*
Natasha Seaman
Credit and Risk
9. Accounting Faith and Seeing 'Ghost Money' in Masaccio's Tribute Money*
Roger J. Crum
10. Monetary Transactions and Pictorial Gambles in Georges de La Tour
Dalia Judovitz
Afterword
The Work of Art: The Installations of Kelli Rae Adams
Natasha Seaman
Index
List of Illustrations
I Leonhard Beck, The Young Emperor Maximilian Visiting a Mint, c. 1514-1516, woodcut, dimensions unknown, for Marx Treitzsauerwein, Der Weißkunig, privately circulated, 1526. Illustration from the edition commercially published by Joseph Kurzboeck, Vienna.
II Jost Amman (designer), Hartman Schopper (author), Monetarius, 1568, woodcut and letterpress, 148 × 79 mm (print 90 × 61), from Panoplia Omnium Illiberalium Mechanicarum (The Book of Trades), Frankfurt: Sigmund Feierabend, 1568. © Lebrecht Music &
Arts
III Unknown artist, Group Portrait of Mintmaster Clemens van Eembrugge and His Companions, 1581, oil on panel, dimensions unknown. 's-Heerenberg, Netherlands, Huis Bergh Castle.
IV Unknown Indo-Christian artist, The Virgin of Mount Potosí, c. 1740, oil on canvas, dimensions unknown. Potosí, Museo de la Casa Nacional de Moneda. Photo © Julie Laurent/Julyinireland (Flickr).
V Jacob Jonghelinck, medal of Philip II of Spain to commemorate the victory of Saint Quentin. Obverse: Philip II laureate, reverse: Saint Quentin with commemorative inscription, 1557, silver, 35 mm diameter. Location unknown. © Artokoloro/ Alamy Stock Ph
VI Frans Francken the Younger, The Cabinet of a Collector with Paintings, Shells, Coins, Fossils and Flowers, 1619, oil on panel, 85 × 56 cm. Antwerp, Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten. Photo: Hugo Maertens, Collection KMSKA - Flemish Community (CC0).
1.1 Maarten de Vos, The Tribunal of the Brabant Mint, datable to 1594, oil on panel, 142.5 × 187.5 cm. Antwerp, Museum Snijders Rockoxhuis (KBC Bank). Image © Museum Snijders&
Rockoxhuis / KBC, Erwin Donvil.
1.2 List of the Officers depicted in Maarten de Vos, The Tribunal of the Brabant Mint. Original lost, formatted as transcribed by the antiquarian Jan Baptist van der Straelen (1761-1847). From Beatrijs Wolters van der Wey, "Munters", Document 1.
1.3 Maarten de Vos, drawing for The Tribunal of the Brabant Mint, datable to c. 1594, pen and brown ink and wash over black chalk within brown-ink framing lines, 29.5 × 39.8 cm. Antwerp, Museum Snijders Rockoxhuis (KBC Bank). Image © Museum Snijders&.
Rocko
1.4 Unknown designer, real of Philip II, Mint of the Duchy of Brabant, Antwerp, 1555-1576. Obverse and reverse, gold, dimensions unknown. Amsterdam, The National Numismatic Collection, managed by De Nederlandsche Bank, Inventory number NM-09654.
1.5 Pieter Paul Rubens, sketch for The Arch of the Mint (front with Moneta), datable to c. 1635, oil on panel, 104 × 71 cm. Antwerp, Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten. . Photo: Rik Klein Gotink.
1.6 Pieter van der Borcht, Public Stage on the Market Place, 1594-1595, etching, 32.5 × 20.4 cm, from Joannes Bochius, Descriptio Publicae Gratulationis, Spectaculorum et Ludorum, in Adventu Sereniss. Principis Ernesti Archiducis Austriae, Antwerp: Ex Off
1.7 Ioan Wouters, apprentice proof of competence. Obverse: Saint John the Baptist, reverse: moneyer's balance, April 1614, silver, 25 mm diameter. Antwerp, Museum aan de Stroom. Photo: Tom van Ghent.
1.8 Detail from Joost Amman (designer), Michael Manger (printmaker), Aigentliche Abbildung deß Gantzen Gewerbs der Löblichen Kauffmanschafft und Fürnehmsten Handelstadt (Allegory of Commerce, the Glory of Antwerp), 1585, woodcut and letterpress, 108.5 × 8
1.9 Guillaum de Neve, boxed coin weights and hand balance for weighing silver coins, c. 1644, various media, dimensions unknown. Amsterdam, The National Numismatic Collection, managed by De Nederlandsche Bank.
2.1 Romeyn de Hooghe (attributed), Allegory of Coinage, after 1681, oil on canvas, 135 × 178 × 8.3 cm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Object No. SK-A-833.
2.2 Unknown designer, duit, c. 1590-1596. Reverse, copper, 24 mm diameter. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Object No. NG-NM-7747-3.
2.3 Unknown designer, guilder of the Dutch Republic, Mint of Holland, Dordrecht, 1682. Obverse, silver, 33 mm diameter. Object No. KOG-MP-1-1561B.
2.4 Theodor de Bry, "Nigritae in Scrutandis Venis Metallicis/ ab Hispanis in Insulas" (Blacks Examining Metallic Veins/ from Spaniards on the Islands), Part 5 of Americae, Frankfurt am Main, 1595, engraving, image 15.9 × 19.5 cm (overall 34.5 × 23.5 cm).
2.5 Romeyn de Hooghe, "Vastgestelde Geloof" (Established Faith), Chapter 36 of his Hieroglyphica oft Merkbeelden der Oude Volkeren, Amsterdam, 1735, etching, overall 26 × 19.2 cm. Courtesy of The Rare Book &
Manuscript Library, University of Illinois at U
2.6 Romeyn de Hooghe, "Van de Joodsche Stand by Christus Tyden" (On the Position of the Jews at the Time of Christ), Chapter 30 of his Hieroglyphica oft Merkbeelden der Oude Volkeren, Amsterdam, 1735, etching, overall 26 × 19.2 cm. Courtesy of The Rare Bo
2.7 Jan Luyken, "De Munter" (The Coiner), from Casper Luyken and Jan Luyken, Spiegel van het Menselyk Bedryf, Amsterdam, 1704, etching, 14.3 × 8.1 cm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Object No. RP-P-OB-44.532.
2.8 Romeyn de Hooghe, "Peace before the Invasion of France," Schouwburg der Nederlandse Verandering, Amsterdam, 1674, etching, 23.2 × 35 cm. Courtesy of The Trustees of the British Museum, London, Inv. No. Y,1.80
2.9 Simon Fokke, Willem V Neemt Zitting als Bewindhebber bij de VOC (Willem V Sits as Director of the VOC), 1768, etching, 29.7 × 40.4 cm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum. Object No. RP-P-OB-84.691.
3.1 Andries Beeckman (attributed), A Market Stall in Batavia, c. 1650s-1660s, oil on canvas, 106 × 174.5 cm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
3.2 Julius Milheuser after Johannes Vinckboons, View of Batavia, 1619 - 1680, etching, 42.7 cm × 95.1 cm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
3.3 Andries Beeckman, The Castle of Batavia, 1661, oil on canvas, 108 × 151.5 cm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
3.4 Gabriel Metsu, A Woman Selling Poultry and Fish, 1656-1658, oil on canvas, 40.8 x 35.3 cm. Kassel, Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister. Bpk Bildagentur/ Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Kassel/Art Resource, NY.
3.5 Joachim Beuckelaer, Vegetable Seller, 1563, oil on panel, 112.2 × 163.5 cm. Valenciennes, Musée des Beaux-Arts. Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY.
3.6 Gabriel Metsu, Vegetable Market in Amsterdam, c. 1660, oil on canvas, 97 × 83 cm. Paris, Musée du Louvre. Scala/Art Resource, NY.
3.7 Marinus van Reymerswaele, Moneychanger and his Wife, 1538, oil on panel, 79 × 107 cm. Madrid, Museo del Prado. © Museo Nacional del Prado/Art Resource, NY.
3.8 Quentin Metsys, Money Changer and his Wife, 1514, oil on panel, 74 × 68 cm. Paris, Musée du Louvre. Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY.
4.1 Jean Saint and François Thuret, box of the Dutch West India Company, 1749, gold, tortoiseshell, velvet, 5.8 × 18 × 11.9 cm (h/l/w). Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
4.2 Jean Saint and François Thuret, box of the Dutch West India Company (detail, lid), 1749, gold, tortoiseshell, velvet, 5.8 × 18 × 11.9 cm (h/l/w). Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
4.3 Jean Saint and François Thuret, box of the Dutch West India Company (detail, "Curaçao"), 1749, gold, tortoiseshell, velvet, 5.8 × 18 × 11.9 cm (h/l/w). Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
4.4 Jean Saint and François Thuret, box of the Dutch West India Company (detail, "St. George Delmina"), 1749, gold, tortoiseshell, velvet, 5.8 × 18 × 11.9 cm (h/l/w). Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
4.5 Jean Saint and François Thuret, box of the Dutch West India Company (detail, base), 1749, gold, tortoiseshell, velvet, 5.8 × 18 × 11.9 cm (h/l/w). Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.
4.6 Pieter Jannsen Bas, 12-guilder emergency coin issued by the Dutch West India Company during the Portuguese siege of Pernambuco. Obverse and reverse, 1645-1646, gold, 18 × 18 mm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum.