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Table of Contents
Cover
Title Page
Copyright Information
Contents
List of Figures
Figure 1. Type I Harford Farm reconstruction after Penn, K, 2000.
Figure 2. Type I design principles
Figure 3. Type I assembly features
Figure 4. Type I and II techniques used for attaching lid top and body base (a) rivets, (b) flange and solder, (c) convex and solder, (d) material clenching
Figure 5. Type I general arrangement when worn
Figure 6. Aldborough (Yorkshire) unusual box with unfinished cruciform on body base
Figure 7. Ascot-under-Wychwood (Oxfordshire) Type I base assembly with impressive Style II incised iconography
Figure 8. Ashmolean Museum (Oxford) Type I, unprovenanced
Figure 9. Dover Painted House (Kent) Type I after Philp 2003, base assembly with angled stop ridge, body decorated with chevron, cross saltire and diamond pattern
Plate 1. Harford Farm (Norfolk) Type I after Penn 2000, reconstruction Tony Gibson and Peter Grey
Plate 2. Hawnby (Yorkshire) Type I, reconstruction Tony Gibson
Figure 10. Polhill (Kent) Grave 43 Type I after Philp 2003, with raised stop ridge. Lid ring and body repoussé decorated in curvaceous Salin Style II, lid top and body base with equal arm Latin cross
Figure 11. Verulamium (Hertfordshire) Grave 21 Type I after Ager 1989, artistically decorated suggestive of Style II
Figure 12. Wolverton (Buckinghamshire) Grave 2168 after PAS BUC-337D72, Type I with runes and hinged lid
Figure 13. North Leigh (Oxfordshire) Type II with repoussé body and incised lid top decorations
Figure 14. Suspension Flange Type II [a] Stanlow [b] Dover Buckland Grave 102 [c] Sibertswold Grave 80 [d] North Leigh [e] Burwell Grave 42 [f] Cuxton Grave 306 (iconography exaggerated) [g] St Mary's Stadium Grave 4202.
Figure 15. Burwell (Cambridgeshire) Grave 42 [a] Type II most highly decorated of all Types of boxes [b] lid top and body base decorated with die stamped reconstruction of the Beowulf Dragon Fight?
Figure 16. Burwell Village (Suffolk) Incomplete Type II decorative flange
Figure 17a. Cuxton (Kent) Grave 306 Type II after Blackmore et al. Incised iconography on hill very faintly scratched on original , exaggerated for illustration
Figure 17b. Cuxton (Kent) Grave 306 Type II after Blackmore et al. Incised iconography on hill very faintly scratched on original , exaggerated for illustration
Plate 3. Dover Buckland Grave 107 Type II after Evison 1987
Figure 18. North Leigh (Oxfordshire) Type II, lid top with incised decoration, body block type repoussé similar to that on a Type I box from Verulamium (Hertfordshire) Grave 21
Figure 19. North Leigh (Oxfordshire) Type II, proposed construction sequence 1. Size and cut metal blanks 2. Decorate body with repoussé 3. Shape blanks around a core former, possibly a tree branch 4-5 Drill holes, apply rivets, shape trefoil flange and l
Plate 4. Stand Low, Derbyshire, reconstruction by Peter Grey after a watercolour painting by L. Jewitt
Figure 20. Cuxton (Kent) Grave 306 Type III after Blackmore et al 2006, with incised secondary Gospel scene
Figure 21. Harford Farm(Norfolk) Grave 18 Type III after Penn 2000
Figure 22. Marina Drive (Bedfordshire) Grave E3 lid top or body base, solder on underside, reused as a pendant
Figure 23. Examples of cruciform decorations [a] Polhill Grave 23, [b] Kingston Down Grave 96, [c] Marina Drive Grave E3, [d] Uncleby Grave 1, [e] Sibertswold Grave 60, [f] Ashmolean Museum, [g] Garton Green II Barrow 6, Grave 4a, [h] Uncleby Grave 29.
Figure 24. [a] Illustration of design concept: cross saltire and diamond pattern [b] Pottery examples after Myres, J 1977 Bagginton (Warwickshire), Chamberlain's Barn (Bedfordshire), Chevron example Sancton (Yorkshire). [c] Dover Painted House body decora
Plate 5. Bronze figurine 9cm height, Imst, Austria
Plate 6. Centre piece bronze diadem, Late Iron Age, Vergina, Greece
List of Tables
Table 1. Corpus of boxes by county and box Type
Table 2. Boxes by Type, box components (C) box fragments (F)
Table 3. Boxes with cruciform decorations and contents
Table 4. Known position of boxes in graves
Abstract
Introduction
Archaeological and Scientific Dating Evidence
Tables
Artefact Distribution Map
Technical Details Type I
Design and Manufacturing Techniques I
Corpus of Type I boxes
Aldborough, Yorkshire
Arncliffe, Carr Farm, Yorkshire
Ascot-under-Wychwood, Oxfordshire
Ashmolean Museum, Oxford
Bidford-on- Avon, Warwickshire
Bulford, Wiltshire
Burwell, Cambridgeshire
Castledyke South, Barton-on-Humber, Lincolnshire
Cransley, Northamptonshire
Didcot Power Station, Oxfordshire
Dover Painted House, Kent
Finglesham, Kent
Garton Green Lane II, Yorkshire
Harford Farm, Caistor St. Edmunds, Norfolk
Hawnby, Yorkshire
Hurdlow, Derbyshire
Isle of Thanet, Kent
Kempston, Bedfordshire
Kingston Down, Kent
Lechlade, Butler's Field, Gloucestershire
Marina Drive, Dunstable, Bedfordshire
Painsthorpe Wold, Yorkshire
Polhill, Dunton Green, Kent
Standlake, Oxfordshire
Tidworth, Wiltshire
Uncleby, Yorkshire
Updown, Eastry, Kent
Verulamium, King Harry Lane, Hertfordshire
Westfield Farm, Ely, Cambridgeshire
Wolverton, Buckinghamshire
Yatesbury, Cherhill, Wiltshire
Design and Manufacturing Techniques II
Technical Details Type II.
Corpus of Type II boxes
Burwell, Cambridgeshire
Burwell Village, Suffolk
Cuxton, Kent
Dover, Buckland, Kent
North Leigh, Oxfordshire
Sibertswold, Kent
St Mary's Stadium, Southampton, Hampshire
Stand Low, Derbyshire
Design and Manufacturing Techniques III
Technical Details Type III
Corpus of Type III boxes
Cuxton, Kent
Harford Farm, Norfolk
Kingston Down, Kent
Little Wilbraham, Cambridgeshire
Prittlewell, Essex
Fragments and Component Parts
Barrington A [Edix Hill],* Cambridgeshire
Barrington B [Hooper's Field?],* Cambridgeshire
Bourne End, Buckinghamshire. SMR 0117702004
Hambleton Moor female burial, Yorkshire. PRN MCA 3633
Haslingfield, Cambridgeshire
Marina Drive, Bedfordshire.
Caerwent, Monmouthshire. PAS WAW-FF3CCA7
Ilam, Staffordshire. PAS WMIDS-DC4EA4
Kirton in Lindsey, Lincolnshire. PAS LIN-E32932
Stroud, Gloucestershire. PAS GLO-DA7D75
Wolfhamcote, Warwickshire. PAS WAW-DA3434
Secular Art or Sacred Symbols?
Box Type I: Components and metal fragments of boxes
Box Type II
Box Type III
What are they?
Discussion: What are they?
The final deposition of reliquaries
Appendix : Children's Inhumation Grave Assemblages
Didcot (Oxfordshire) Grave 12. Female, age c.3-5 years
Marina Drive (Bedfordshire) Grave E2. Female, age 12 years
Marina Drive (Bedfordshire) Grave E3. Female, age 8 years
Updown Eastry (Kent) Grave 76:34. Burial of a very small child or baby
Acknowledgements
Illustrations
Photographs
Bibliography.
Title Page
Copyright Information
Contents
List of Figures
Figure 1. Type I Harford Farm reconstruction after Penn, K, 2000.
Figure 2. Type I design principles
Figure 3. Type I assembly features
Figure 4. Type I and II techniques used for attaching lid top and body base (a) rivets, (b) flange and solder, (c) convex and solder, (d) material clenching
Figure 5. Type I general arrangement when worn
Figure 6. Aldborough (Yorkshire) unusual box with unfinished cruciform on body base
Figure 7. Ascot-under-Wychwood (Oxfordshire) Type I base assembly with impressive Style II incised iconography
Figure 8. Ashmolean Museum (Oxford) Type I, unprovenanced
Figure 9. Dover Painted House (Kent) Type I after Philp 2003, base assembly with angled stop ridge, body decorated with chevron, cross saltire and diamond pattern
Plate 1. Harford Farm (Norfolk) Type I after Penn 2000, reconstruction Tony Gibson and Peter Grey
Plate 2. Hawnby (Yorkshire) Type I, reconstruction Tony Gibson
Figure 10. Polhill (Kent) Grave 43 Type I after Philp 2003, with raised stop ridge. Lid ring and body repoussé decorated in curvaceous Salin Style II, lid top and body base with equal arm Latin cross
Figure 11. Verulamium (Hertfordshire) Grave 21 Type I after Ager 1989, artistically decorated suggestive of Style II
Figure 12. Wolverton (Buckinghamshire) Grave 2168 after PAS BUC-337D72, Type I with runes and hinged lid
Figure 13. North Leigh (Oxfordshire) Type II with repoussé body and incised lid top decorations
Figure 14. Suspension Flange Type II [a] Stanlow [b] Dover Buckland Grave 102 [c] Sibertswold Grave 80 [d] North Leigh [e] Burwell Grave 42 [f] Cuxton Grave 306 (iconography exaggerated) [g] St Mary's Stadium Grave 4202.
Figure 15. Burwell (Cambridgeshire) Grave 42 [a] Type II most highly decorated of all Types of boxes [b] lid top and body base decorated with die stamped reconstruction of the Beowulf Dragon Fight?
Figure 16. Burwell Village (Suffolk) Incomplete Type II decorative flange
Figure 17a. Cuxton (Kent) Grave 306 Type II after Blackmore et al. Incised iconography on hill very faintly scratched on original , exaggerated for illustration
Figure 17b. Cuxton (Kent) Grave 306 Type II after Blackmore et al. Incised iconography on hill very faintly scratched on original , exaggerated for illustration
Plate 3. Dover Buckland Grave 107 Type II after Evison 1987
Figure 18. North Leigh (Oxfordshire) Type II, lid top with incised decoration, body block type repoussé similar to that on a Type I box from Verulamium (Hertfordshire) Grave 21
Figure 19. North Leigh (Oxfordshire) Type II, proposed construction sequence 1. Size and cut metal blanks 2. Decorate body with repoussé 3. Shape blanks around a core former, possibly a tree branch 4-5 Drill holes, apply rivets, shape trefoil flange and l
Plate 4. Stand Low, Derbyshire, reconstruction by Peter Grey after a watercolour painting by L. Jewitt
Figure 20. Cuxton (Kent) Grave 306 Type III after Blackmore et al 2006, with incised secondary Gospel scene
Figure 21. Harford Farm(Norfolk) Grave 18 Type III after Penn 2000
Figure 22. Marina Drive (Bedfordshire) Grave E3 lid top or body base, solder on underside, reused as a pendant
Figure 23. Examples of cruciform decorations [a] Polhill Grave 23, [b] Kingston Down Grave 96, [c] Marina Drive Grave E3, [d] Uncleby Grave 1, [e] Sibertswold Grave 60, [f] Ashmolean Museum, [g] Garton Green II Barrow 6, Grave 4a, [h] Uncleby Grave 29.
Figure 24. [a] Illustration of design concept: cross saltire and diamond pattern [b] Pottery examples after Myres, J 1977 Bagginton (Warwickshire), Chamberlain's Barn (Bedfordshire), Chevron example Sancton (Yorkshire). [c] Dover Painted House body decora
Plate 5. Bronze figurine 9cm height, Imst, Austria
Plate 6. Centre piece bronze diadem, Late Iron Age, Vergina, Greece
List of Tables
Table 1. Corpus of boxes by county and box Type
Table 2. Boxes by Type, box components (C) box fragments (F)
Table 3. Boxes with cruciform decorations and contents
Table 4. Known position of boxes in graves
Abstract
Introduction
Archaeological and Scientific Dating Evidence
Tables
Artefact Distribution Map
Technical Details Type I
Design and Manufacturing Techniques I
Corpus of Type I boxes
Aldborough, Yorkshire
Arncliffe, Carr Farm, Yorkshire
Ascot-under-Wychwood, Oxfordshire
Ashmolean Museum, Oxford
Bidford-on- Avon, Warwickshire
Bulford, Wiltshire
Burwell, Cambridgeshire
Castledyke South, Barton-on-Humber, Lincolnshire
Cransley, Northamptonshire
Didcot Power Station, Oxfordshire
Dover Painted House, Kent
Finglesham, Kent
Garton Green Lane II, Yorkshire
Harford Farm, Caistor St. Edmunds, Norfolk
Hawnby, Yorkshire
Hurdlow, Derbyshire
Isle of Thanet, Kent
Kempston, Bedfordshire
Kingston Down, Kent
Lechlade, Butler's Field, Gloucestershire
Marina Drive, Dunstable, Bedfordshire
Painsthorpe Wold, Yorkshire
Polhill, Dunton Green, Kent
Standlake, Oxfordshire
Tidworth, Wiltshire
Uncleby, Yorkshire
Updown, Eastry, Kent
Verulamium, King Harry Lane, Hertfordshire
Westfield Farm, Ely, Cambridgeshire
Wolverton, Buckinghamshire
Yatesbury, Cherhill, Wiltshire
Design and Manufacturing Techniques II
Technical Details Type II.
Corpus of Type II boxes
Burwell, Cambridgeshire
Burwell Village, Suffolk
Cuxton, Kent
Dover, Buckland, Kent
North Leigh, Oxfordshire
Sibertswold, Kent
St Mary's Stadium, Southampton, Hampshire
Stand Low, Derbyshire
Design and Manufacturing Techniques III
Technical Details Type III
Corpus of Type III boxes
Cuxton, Kent
Harford Farm, Norfolk
Kingston Down, Kent
Little Wilbraham, Cambridgeshire
Prittlewell, Essex
Fragments and Component Parts
Barrington A [Edix Hill],* Cambridgeshire
Barrington B [Hooper's Field?],* Cambridgeshire
Bourne End, Buckinghamshire. SMR 0117702004
Hambleton Moor female burial, Yorkshire. PRN MCA 3633
Haslingfield, Cambridgeshire
Marina Drive, Bedfordshire.
Caerwent, Monmouthshire. PAS WAW-FF3CCA7
Ilam, Staffordshire. PAS WMIDS-DC4EA4
Kirton in Lindsey, Lincolnshire. PAS LIN-E32932
Stroud, Gloucestershire. PAS GLO-DA7D75
Wolfhamcote, Warwickshire. PAS WAW-DA3434
Secular Art or Sacred Symbols?
Box Type I: Components and metal fragments of boxes
Box Type II
Box Type III
What are they?
Discussion: What are they?
The final deposition of reliquaries
Appendix : Children's Inhumation Grave Assemblages
Didcot (Oxfordshire) Grave 12. Female, age c.3-5 years
Marina Drive (Bedfordshire) Grave E2. Female, age 12 years
Marina Drive (Bedfordshire) Grave E3. Female, age 8 years
Updown Eastry (Kent) Grave 76:34. Burial of a very small child or baby
Acknowledgements
Illustrations
Photographs
Bibliography.