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Table of Contents
Intro
Preface to the Second Edition
Preface to the First Edition
Contents
1 Solid Solution
1.1 Solubility
1.2 Lattice Location
1.3 Partial Molar Volume and Strain Field
1.4 Atomistic Calculations of the Heat of Solution
References
2 Hydrogen Trapping and Its Direct Detection
2.1 Manifestations and Analyses of Hydrogen Trapping
2.1.1 Solid Solubility at Low Temperatures
2.1.2 Equilibrium Partition of Hydrogen Among Different Traps
2.1.3 Kinetics of Hydrogen Trapping
2.2 Detection of Hydrogen Trapping and Distribution
2.2.1 Hydrogen Thermal Desorption Analysis
2.3 Visualization of Hydrogen Distribution
2.3.1 Tritium Autoradiography and Hydrogen Microprint Technique
2.3.2 Methods Using Stimulated Hydrogen Desorption
2.4 Indirect Detection of Hydrogen Distribution
2.4.1 Neutron Tomography
2.4.2 Scanning Kelvin Prove Microscopy
References
3 Interactions of Hydrogen with Lattice Defects
3.1 Dislocations
3.1.1 Experimental Facts
3.1.2 Theoretical Estimation of Hydrogen-Dislocation Interactions
3.2 Vacancies
3.2.1 Elementary Attributes
3.2.2 Vacancy Clustering and Migration
3.2.3 Interaction of Hydrogen with Vacancies
3.3 Precipitates
3.3.1 TiC
3.3.2 NbC and VC
3.3.3 Fe3C
3.4 Grain Boundaries
3.4.1 Experimental Works
3.4.2 Theoretical Works
3.5 Voids and Surfaces
References
4 Diffusion and Transport of Hydrogen
4.1 Determination of Diffusion Coefficient
4.1.1 Diffusion Coefficient Data
4.1.2 Measurement of Diffusion Coefficient
4.1.3 Theoretical Interpretation
4.2 Stochastic Theories of Hydrogen Diffusion
4.3 Hydrogen Transport by Moving Dislocations
4.3.1 Release of Internal Hydrogen During Straining
4.3.2 Effects on Electrochemical Permeation
4.3.3 A Kinetic Model
4.4 Accelerated Diffusion Along Grain Boundaries
References
5 Deformation Behaviors
5.1 Elastic Moduli
5.2 Flow Stress
5.2.1 Hardening
5.2.2 Softening
5.2.3 Explanations of Experimental Results
5.3 Stress Relaxation and Creep
5.3.1 Stress Relaxation
5.3.2 Creep
5.3.3 Implications of Surface Effects
5.4 Direct Observation of Dislocation Activity
5.5 Elastic and Atomistic Calculations
5.5.1 Elastic Shielding of Stress Centers
5.5.2 Mobility of Screw Dislocations-Atomistic Calculations
References
6 Macroscopic Manifestations of Hydrogen Embrittlement
6.1 Tensile Tests
6.1.1 Effects of Test Conditions
6.1.2 Damage Generation During Straining
6.2 Fracture Mechanics Tests
6.2.1 Crack Initiation
6.2.2 Crack Growth
6.3 Fatigue
6.3.1 Fatigue Limit
6.3.2 Crack Initiation and Growth-Rate Near Threshold
6.3.3 Stage II Crack Growth in Steel
6.3.4 Fatigue in Austenitic Stainless Steel
6.3.5 High-Cycle Fatigue Near Threshold
6.3.6 Models of Fatigue Crack Extension
Preface to the Second Edition
Preface to the First Edition
Contents
1 Solid Solution
1.1 Solubility
1.2 Lattice Location
1.3 Partial Molar Volume and Strain Field
1.4 Atomistic Calculations of the Heat of Solution
References
2 Hydrogen Trapping and Its Direct Detection
2.1 Manifestations and Analyses of Hydrogen Trapping
2.1.1 Solid Solubility at Low Temperatures
2.1.2 Equilibrium Partition of Hydrogen Among Different Traps
2.1.3 Kinetics of Hydrogen Trapping
2.2 Detection of Hydrogen Trapping and Distribution
2.2.1 Hydrogen Thermal Desorption Analysis
2.3 Visualization of Hydrogen Distribution
2.3.1 Tritium Autoradiography and Hydrogen Microprint Technique
2.3.2 Methods Using Stimulated Hydrogen Desorption
2.4 Indirect Detection of Hydrogen Distribution
2.4.1 Neutron Tomography
2.4.2 Scanning Kelvin Prove Microscopy
References
3 Interactions of Hydrogen with Lattice Defects
3.1 Dislocations
3.1.1 Experimental Facts
3.1.2 Theoretical Estimation of Hydrogen-Dislocation Interactions
3.2 Vacancies
3.2.1 Elementary Attributes
3.2.2 Vacancy Clustering and Migration
3.2.3 Interaction of Hydrogen with Vacancies
3.3 Precipitates
3.3.1 TiC
3.3.2 NbC and VC
3.3.3 Fe3C
3.4 Grain Boundaries
3.4.1 Experimental Works
3.4.2 Theoretical Works
3.5 Voids and Surfaces
References
4 Diffusion and Transport of Hydrogen
4.1 Determination of Diffusion Coefficient
4.1.1 Diffusion Coefficient Data
4.1.2 Measurement of Diffusion Coefficient
4.1.3 Theoretical Interpretation
4.2 Stochastic Theories of Hydrogen Diffusion
4.3 Hydrogen Transport by Moving Dislocations
4.3.1 Release of Internal Hydrogen During Straining
4.3.2 Effects on Electrochemical Permeation
4.3.3 A Kinetic Model
4.4 Accelerated Diffusion Along Grain Boundaries
References
5 Deformation Behaviors
5.1 Elastic Moduli
5.2 Flow Stress
5.2.1 Hardening
5.2.2 Softening
5.2.3 Explanations of Experimental Results
5.3 Stress Relaxation and Creep
5.3.1 Stress Relaxation
5.3.2 Creep
5.3.3 Implications of Surface Effects
5.4 Direct Observation of Dislocation Activity
5.5 Elastic and Atomistic Calculations
5.5.1 Elastic Shielding of Stress Centers
5.5.2 Mobility of Screw Dislocations-Atomistic Calculations
References
6 Macroscopic Manifestations of Hydrogen Embrittlement
6.1 Tensile Tests
6.1.1 Effects of Test Conditions
6.1.2 Damage Generation During Straining
6.2 Fracture Mechanics Tests
6.2.1 Crack Initiation
6.2.2 Crack Growth
6.3 Fatigue
6.3.1 Fatigue Limit
6.3.2 Crack Initiation and Growth-Rate Near Threshold
6.3.3 Stage II Crack Growth in Steel
6.3.4 Fatigue in Austenitic Stainless Steel
6.3.5 High-Cycle Fatigue Near Threshold
6.3.6 Models of Fatigue Crack Extension