Intro
Acknowledgments
Contents
Part I: Introduction
1: The Epidemiology of the Pediatric War Injuries
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Public Health Consequences of Armed Conflict on Children
1.2.1 Geographical Spread of Children Living in Conflict Zones
1.2.2 Historical Overview
1.2.3 The Public Health Effects of Social Disruption
1.2.4 The Burden of War Wounded Children
1.2.5 Six Grave Violations
1.3 Global Epidemiology of War Injured Children
1.3.1 Blunt Injuries and Penetrating GSWs
1.3.2 Blast and Landmine Injuries
1.4 Anatomic Distribution

1.4.1 Thermal Injuries
1.4.2 Head and Spinal Injuries
1.4.3 Torso Injuries
1.4.4 Extremity Injuries
1.4.5 Ophthalmologic and Otology Injuries
1.5 Conclusion
1.5.1 Lessons to Be Gained from the Study of Epidemiology
References
2: Biodynamics of Blast Injury
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Explosive Blasts
2.3 Blast Injury Mechanisms
2.3.1 Primary Blast Injury
2.3.2 Secondary Blast Injury
2.3.3 Tertiary Blast Injury
2.3.4 Quaternary Blast Injuries
2.4 Blast Injury Characteristics in the Pediatric Population

2.5 Injury-Specific Considerations in Pediatrics
2.5.1 Thermal Burns
2.5.2 Extremity Injuries
2.5.3 Torso Injuries
2.5.4 Head and Spinal Injuries
2.5.5 Facial Injuries
2.5.6 Maxillary Sinus Fracture
2.5.7 Mandibular Fracture
2.5.8 Acoustic Injury
2.5.9 Eye Injury
References
3: Physiologic Considerations in Pediatric Population
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Anatomy and Physiology
3.2.1 Developmental Milestones: Step by Step
3.2.2 Body Habitus: Size, Shape, and Surface Area
3.2.3 Hemodynamic Considerations

3.2.4 Approach to Pediatric Trauma: What Is Different?!
3.3 Assessment
3.4 Treatment
3.4.1 Equipment
3.4.2 Pediatric Doses and Side Effects
3.4.3 Interventions
References
Part II: Acute Management
4: Resuscitation and Critical Care of the Injured Child
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Hypovolemic Shock
4.2.1 Definition and Etiology
4.3 Management
4.3.1 Venous Access
4.3.2 Fluid Resuscitation
4.3.3 Non-hemorrhagic Shock
4.3.4 Additional Considerations
4.4 Special Population
4.5 Obstructive Shock
4.5.1 Cardiac Tamponade

4.5.2 Tension Pneumothorax or Hemothorax
4.6 Neurogenic Shock: Spinal Cord Injury
4.7 In Summary (Fig. 4.2)
References
5: Nursing Management for War Injured Child
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Triage in War Zones
5.3 Emergency Signs in Pediatric Patients
5.4 Primary and Secondary Assessments
5.4.1 Primary Assessment
5.4.2 Secondary Assessment
5.5 Nursing Assessment and Management
5.5.1 Musculoskeletal Trauma
5.5.2 Cardiothoracic Trauma
5.5.3 Abdominal Trauma
5.5.4 Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
5.5.5 Spinal Cord Trauma