Intro
Preface
References
Contents
List of Figures
1: Introduction: Community Energy and Democracy
1.1 Participation and Democracy
1.2 Participation in Renewable Energy Projects: Decisions, Investment and Planning
1.3 Democracy and Technology
2: A Review of the Literature
2.1 Participation
2.1.1 Research on Participation: A Review of the Literature
2.1.2 Explaning Political Participation: The Standard Socio-Economic Model (SES)
2.1.3 Criteria of Participation

2.2 Political Participation: Changing Participation and Changing Effects of Participation
2.2.1 New Definitions of Political Participation: Introducing an Individualized, Subject-Centered View on Political Participation
2.2.2 Financial Participation
2.2.3 Organizational Participation
2.3 Social and Civil Society Participation
2.3.1 Discussion: Financial and Material, Organizational and Civic Participation in Community Energy Projects as a New Type of Political Participation?
2.4 Civic Engagement
2.5 Typologies and Scales of Civic Participation

2.6 Effects of Civic Participation
2.7 Summary
3: Study Design: Analysis of Community Energy Participation
3.1 Analysis of Forms of Participation
3.1.1 Forms of Access to Participation
Form of Participation: How Is Participation Carried Out?
Participatory Practice: Who Participates?
Participation Effects: What Influence Does Participation Have on Individuals, Social Communities, Local Discourses and Publics? What Social Dynamics Emerge and Are Initiated?
3.1.2 Forms of Participation in Community Energy Projects

3.2 The Empirical Approach to the Study of Community Energy
4: Community Energy Research
4.1 Framing the Debate
4.2 A Closer Look at Community Energy Research
4.3 Community Energy in Germany
4.4 Definitions and Typological Approaches
4.5 Summary: Defining Community Energy
4.6 Effects of Community Energy and Open Research Questions
4.7 A Summary of the Research Findings
5: Methodological Considerations for Data Collection and Analysis
5.1 Research Design
5.1.1 Overview
5.1.2 Combining Case Studies and an Online Survey: A Mixed Methods Approach

5.2 Comparative Case Studies
5.2.1 Deductive Versus Inductive Exploratory Studies: Using a Combined Approach
5.2.2 Assessing Sample Representativeness and Focussing on the Individual Level
5.3 Data Collection and Methods of Analysis
5.3.1 Using Expert Interviews with Community Energy Stakeholders
5.3.2 Document Analysis of Formal and Informal Records
5.3.3 Online Survey: Questionnaire Survey Design
5.3.4 Analysis of Qualitative and Quantitative Data
5.4 Empirically Grounded Construction of Types and Typologies in Qualitative Social Research
5.5 Conclusion