Intro
Foreword
Contents
Contributors
1: A Brief History of Sleep Medicine in Children and Adults
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Sleep Medicine in Ancient Cultures
1.3 Sleep in the Scriptures
1.4 Scientific History of Sleep Medicine
1.5 History of Polysomnography in Sleep Medicine
1.6 History of Sleep Medicine as a Medical Field
1.7 Education and Training History of Sleep Medicine
References
2: Neurological Aspects of Sleep Medicine, How Sleep Evolves, and Regulation of Function
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Brain Changes Across the Life Span

Structural Brain Changes
Functional Changes in Neurotransmitters
2.3 EEG and Sleep Changes
2.4 Circadian and Homeostatic Changes
Circadian Changes from Adolescence to Adulthood
Homeostatic Changes from Adolescence to Adulthood
2.5 Clinical Implications
2.6 Summary
References
3: Cardiorespiratory Changes as They Relate to Sleep in Transition from Pediatric to Adulthood
3.1 Introduction
3.2 UAW Anatomy
3.3 Tonsils and Adenoids
3.4 UAW Length
3.5 UAW Physiology
3.6 Critical Pressure for UAW Collapse (Pcrit)

3.7 Duration of Apnea and Arousal Threshold (Cortical, Autonomic)
3.8 Ventilatory Control Instability (Loop Gain) and Arousal Effects
3.9 Endothelial Function
3.10 Summary
References
4: Sleep Assessment
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Adult Questionnaires
Sleep Quality
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) [3]
Sleep Health Index [12]
Sleep-EVAL
Sleepiness
Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)
Insomnia
The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI)
Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS)
Bergen Insomnia Scale (BIS)
Sleep Apnea
Berlin Questionnaire (BQ)

STOP (SQ) and STOP-BANG (SBQ) Questionnaires
Sleep Apnea Clinical Score (SACS)
Four-Variable Screening Tool (4VSC)
NoSAS Score
No-Apnea Instrument
GOAL Questionnaire
Other Aspects of Sleep
Sleep Duration and Timing
Sleep Hygiene
Psychological Factors of Sleep
Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes About Sleep (DBAS)
Sleep Problem Acceptance Questionnaire (SPAQ)
Self-Efficacy for Sleep Scale (SE-S)
Metacognitive Processes of Sleep Scale (MPSS)
Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale (PSAS)
4.3 Assessment of Children's Sleep
Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC)

Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ)
Children's Sleep Habit Questionnaire (CSHQ)
Sleepiness
Cleveland Adolescent Sleepiness Questionnaire (CASQ) [128]
Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents (ESS-CHAD)
OSA Screening Questionnaires
4.4 Polysomnography
Polysomnography in Adults
Polysomnography in Infants and Children
Appendix
References
5: Sleep-Disordered Breathing: Diagnosis
5.1 Diagnostic Procedures
History and Physical Examination
OSA Screening Questionnaires
Comprehensive Sleep Studies
Polysomnography
Home Sleep Apnea Testing