Intro
Preface
Contents
Part I: Background
Chapter 1: The COVID-19 Pandemic: SARS-CoV-2 Structure, Infection, Transmission, Symptomology, and Variants of Concern
1 Introduction
2 SARS-CoV-2 Structure
3 SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Host Cells
4 Symptomology
5 Variants of Concern
5.1 Alpha
5.2 Beta
5.3 Gamma
5.4 Delta
5.5 Omicron
6 Conclusions and Future Perspective
References
Chapter 2: Long-Term Vaccination and Treatment Strategies for COVID-19 Disease and Future Coronavirus Pandemics
1 Introduction
2 Current COVID-19 Vaccines

3 Treatments for COVID-19
3.1 Remdesivir
3.2 Anti-Spike Protein Monoclonal Antibodies
3.2.1 Regdanvimab
3.2.2 Casirivimab/Imdevimab Cocktail
3.2.3 Sotrovimab
3.2.4 Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab Cocktail
3.3 Tocilizumab
3.4 Anakinra
3.5 Ritonavir
4 Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Variants on the Efficacy of Vaccines and Monoclonal Antibody Therapeutics
5 Identification of Monoclonal Antibodies and Development of New Vaccines to Overcome the Immune Escape Capabilities of SARS-CoV-2 Variants
5.1 Monoclonal Antibodies
5.2 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines
5.2.1 Updated Vaccines

5.2.2 Multivalent Vaccines
6 Natural Products for Improved Management of COVID-19 Patients
7 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
References
Part II: Neurological and Psychological Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Chapter 3: Consequences of the Lockdown: Domestic Violence During the COVID-19 Pandemic
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Procedure
2.2.1 Demographic Information
2.2.2 Domestic Violence
2.2.3 Self-Report Measure for the Assessment of Emotion Regulation Skills
2.2.4 Commitment Score
2.2.5 Restrictions Due to Containment Measures

2.2.6 Contact Quality
2.3 Statistical Analyses
3 Results
3.1 Sociodemographic Data
3.2 Gender Differences Regarding Domestic Violence
3.3 Comparison of Domestic Violence Victims and Controls
3.4 Mediator Analyses
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
References
Chapter 4: Psychological Distress Impact of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak on Three Continents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Database and Search Strategy
2.2 Eligibility Criteria
2.3 Introducing the CPDI

2.4 Data Extraction
2.5 Quality Assessment
2.6 Statistical Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Search Outcomes
3.2 Study Characteristics
3.3 Pooled Prevalence of Psychological Distress
3.4 Pooled Prevalence of Psychological Distress According to Continents
3.5 Pooled Prevalence of Psychological Distress According to Gender
3.6 Publication Bias
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
References