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Table of Contents
Intro
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Contributors
Paradigm Shift in the Treatment of Meningiomas
1 Treatment Timeline
2 Epidemiology
3 Treatment
4 Histology, Grading, and Molecular Biology
5 Status Quo
References
Clinical Presentation and Prognosis
1 Clinical Presentation
1.1 General Symptoms
Epilepsy/Seizures
Headache and Raised Intracranial Pressure
Cognitive Function and Psychiatric Manifestations
1.2 Focal Symptoms
Cranial Nerve Deficits
Cortical Compression Syndromes
1.3 Incidental Meningiomas
2 Prognosis
2.1 Histological Grade
2.2 Extent of Resection
2.3 Anatomical Location
Skull Base Tumors
Venous Sinus Invasion
2.4 Molecular Factors and Prognosis
NF2
TRAF7, AKT1, and KLF4
Smoothened
PI3KCA
POLR2
TERT
FOXM1
2.5 Epigenetic Changes: Methylation-Based Classification
3 Conclusions and Future Directions
References
Imaging Characteristics of Meningiomas
1 Imaging Findings in Meningioma on Anatomical CT and MRI
2 Alternative Imaging Methods
3 Advanced MRI
4 Most Relevant Clinical Applications for Advanced MRI
4.1 Differential Diagnosis
5 Meningioma Grading
6 Meningioma Relapse Risk Stratification
7 Molecular PET Imaging
8 Selected Tracers for PET Imaging in Meningioma Patients
8.1 Glucose PET
9 PET Ligands for Somatostatin Receptors
10 Amino Acid PET Tracers
11 Clinical Applications for PET Imaging
11.1 Meningioma Detection and Delineation
12 Radiotherapy Planning
13 Diagnosis of Meningioma Relapse
14 PET-Based Theranostics in Patients with Meningioma
15 Conclusions
References
Histopathology of Meningiomas
1 Introduction
2 Gross Pathology
3 Intraoperative Cytology
4 Histological Variants and Grading
4.1 Meningothelial Meningioma
4.2 Fibrous/Fibroblastic Meningioma
4.3 Transitional Meningioma
4.4 Psammomatous Meningioma
4.5 Angiomatous/Vascular Meningioma
4.6 Microcystic Meningioma
4.7 Secretory Meningioma
4.8 Lymphoplasmacyte-Rich Meningioma
4.9 Metaplastic Meningiomas
4.10 WHO Grade 2 and Grade 3 Meningiomas
4.11 Atypical Meningioma
4.12 Clear Cell Meningiomas
4.13 Chordoid Meningioma
4.14 Anaplastic/Malignant Meningioma
4.15 Papillary Meningioma
4.16 Rhabdoid Meningioma
4.17 Rare Morphological Variants
5 Immunohistochemistry
6 Electron Microscopy
7 Differential Diagnosis
References
Skull Base Meningiomas
1 Introduction
2 Meningiomas of the Anterior Skull Base
2.1 Olfactory Grove Meningiomas
2.2 Meningiomas of the Planum Sphenoidale
2.3 Tuberculum Sellae Meningiomas
2.4 Orbital or Spheno-Orbital Meningiomas
3 Meningiomas of the Middle Skull Base
3.1 Clinoidal Meningiomas
3.2 Medial Sphenoid Wing Meningiomas
3.3 Cavernous Sinus Meningiomas
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Contributors
Paradigm Shift in the Treatment of Meningiomas
1 Treatment Timeline
2 Epidemiology
3 Treatment
4 Histology, Grading, and Molecular Biology
5 Status Quo
References
Clinical Presentation and Prognosis
1 Clinical Presentation
1.1 General Symptoms
Epilepsy/Seizures
Headache and Raised Intracranial Pressure
Cognitive Function and Psychiatric Manifestations
1.2 Focal Symptoms
Cranial Nerve Deficits
Cortical Compression Syndromes
1.3 Incidental Meningiomas
2 Prognosis
2.1 Histological Grade
2.2 Extent of Resection
2.3 Anatomical Location
Skull Base Tumors
Venous Sinus Invasion
2.4 Molecular Factors and Prognosis
NF2
TRAF7, AKT1, and KLF4
Smoothened
PI3KCA
POLR2
TERT
FOXM1
2.5 Epigenetic Changes: Methylation-Based Classification
3 Conclusions and Future Directions
References
Imaging Characteristics of Meningiomas
1 Imaging Findings in Meningioma on Anatomical CT and MRI
2 Alternative Imaging Methods
3 Advanced MRI
4 Most Relevant Clinical Applications for Advanced MRI
4.1 Differential Diagnosis
5 Meningioma Grading
6 Meningioma Relapse Risk Stratification
7 Molecular PET Imaging
8 Selected Tracers for PET Imaging in Meningioma Patients
8.1 Glucose PET
9 PET Ligands for Somatostatin Receptors
10 Amino Acid PET Tracers
11 Clinical Applications for PET Imaging
11.1 Meningioma Detection and Delineation
12 Radiotherapy Planning
13 Diagnosis of Meningioma Relapse
14 PET-Based Theranostics in Patients with Meningioma
15 Conclusions
References
Histopathology of Meningiomas
1 Introduction
2 Gross Pathology
3 Intraoperative Cytology
4 Histological Variants and Grading
4.1 Meningothelial Meningioma
4.2 Fibrous/Fibroblastic Meningioma
4.3 Transitional Meningioma
4.4 Psammomatous Meningioma
4.5 Angiomatous/Vascular Meningioma
4.6 Microcystic Meningioma
4.7 Secretory Meningioma
4.8 Lymphoplasmacyte-Rich Meningioma
4.9 Metaplastic Meningiomas
4.10 WHO Grade 2 and Grade 3 Meningiomas
4.11 Atypical Meningioma
4.12 Clear Cell Meningiomas
4.13 Chordoid Meningioma
4.14 Anaplastic/Malignant Meningioma
4.15 Papillary Meningioma
4.16 Rhabdoid Meningioma
4.17 Rare Morphological Variants
5 Immunohistochemistry
6 Electron Microscopy
7 Differential Diagnosis
References
Skull Base Meningiomas
1 Introduction
2 Meningiomas of the Anterior Skull Base
2.1 Olfactory Grove Meningiomas
2.2 Meningiomas of the Planum Sphenoidale
2.3 Tuberculum Sellae Meningiomas
2.4 Orbital or Spheno-Orbital Meningiomas
3 Meningiomas of the Middle Skull Base
3.1 Clinoidal Meningiomas
3.2 Medial Sphenoid Wing Meningiomas
3.3 Cavernous Sinus Meningiomas