Intro
Contents
About the Editors
1 Religion, Spirituality, and Happiness: Through an Indian Lens
1.1 Religion and Spirituality
1.1.1 Variances and Interactions Among Religions
1.1.2 Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology: A Developmental Perspective
1.1.3 Psychological Approaches to Religion and Spirituality
1.1.4 Measures of Spirituality and Religiosity
1.1.5 Impact of Religion and Spirituality
1.1.6 Other Impact of R/S and R/S Practices
1.2 Well-Being in India
1.2.1 Happiness Research
1.3 Concluding Remarks
References
Part I

2 Understanding Hinduism from a Psychological Lens
2.1 Sanātana Dharma
2.2 Karma
2.3 Sacred Texts and Symbols
2.4 Aṣṭāṅga Yoga
2.4.1 Yama
2.4.2 Niyama
2.4.3 Asanas
2.4.4 Prānāyāma
2.4.5 Pratyāhāra
2.4.6 Dhāraṇā, Dhyāna, and Samādhi
2.5 Paths of Yoga
2.6 Vedic Personality
2.6.1 Trigunas
2.6.2 Tridosha
2.6.3 Vikaras
2.6.4 Anasakti
2.7 Happiness
2.7.1 Sukha and Duḥkha
2.7.2 Śreyas and Preyas
2.7.3 Sat-Chit-Ananda
2.8 Hindu Conception of Self
2.8.1 Panch Kosha
2.9 Concluding Remarks
References

3 Positive Practices Within Hinduism
3.1 Yoga
3.2 Meditation
3.2.1 Mantra Meditation
3.2.2 Aum Chanting
3.2.3 Transcendental Meditation
3.2.4 Heartfulness Meditation
3.3 Other Positive Practices in Hinduism
3.3.1 Devotional Singing
3.3.2 Praying
3.3.3 Dāna (Offering)
3.3.4 Celebrating Festivals
3.3.5 Fasting
3.3.6 Reading Scriptures
3.3.7 Mandala Drawing
3.4 Organizations Promoting Hindu Practices
3.4.1 Isha Foundation
3.4.2 The Art of Living
3.5 Concluding Remarks
References
4 Muslim Concepts of Mind and Soul in Contemporary India

4.1 The Intersection of Islamic Thought and Contemporary Psychology in India
4.2 Early Traces of Islamic Psychology in India
4.3 The Influence of Sufi Thought on Islamic Psychology
4.3.1 Nineteenth/Twentieth-Century Sufi Thought
4.3.2 Altered States and Spiritual Practices
4.3.3 Tawbah and Istighfār as Special Forms of Dhikr
4.4 Medieval Theories of Temperaments and Fluids
4.4.1 Al-Qur'overlinean on Positive Personality Dispositions
4.4.2 Al-Qur'overlinean on Negative Personality Dispositions
4.5 Concluding Remarks
References

5 Positive Psychotherapeutic Constructs and Trends in Islamic Psychology
5.1 The Qur'ān as a Divine Psychotherapeutic Monologue
5.2 Tafāwul (Optimism)
5.3 Rajā' (Hope)
5.4 Shukr (Gratitude)
5.5 Ṣabr (Patience)
5.6 Āfiyah (Well-being)
5.7 Therapeutic Effects of Sleep
5.8 Ilm Ta'bīr al-Ru'yā (The Science of Dream Interpretation) in the Islamic Tradition
5.9 Integrating Dream Work in Clinical Practice
5.10 Therapeutic Effects of Dhikr (Engaging in Contemplation)
5.11 Islamic Jurisprudence: The Applications
5.12 Insanity
5.13 Involuntary Admission