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Table of Contents
Intro
Acknowledgements
Contents
Introduction
1 The Danish Offshore Technology Centre (DOTC)
2 The Chalk of the Danish North Sea
3 Chalk Research at DHRTC/DOTC
4 Structure of This Book
References
Establishing a High Resolution 3D Fracture Dataset in Chalk: Possibilities and Obstacles Working with Outcrop Data
1 Introduction
2 Study Site
3 Geological Setting
4 Workflow
5 Digital Outcrop Models
5.1 DOM Data Acquisition
5.2 DOM Processing
5.3 Combination and Fracture Mapping of DOMs
6 Ground Penetrating Radar
6.1 GPR Data Acquisition
6.2 GPR Data Processing
7 Shallow Seismic
7.1 Data Acquisition
7.2 Data Processing
8 Data Combination and Observations-Geological Implications
8.1 Faults
8.2 Folds
9 Analogue Considerations
10 Discussion
11 Summary and Conclusions
References
Improved Visualization of Structural Deformation on the Kraka Structure (Danish Central Graben) with Color-Processed Seismic Data
1 Introduction
2 Geological Setting
3 Data and Methods
3.1 Seismic Data and Attributes
3.2 Borehole Data
4 Results
4.1 Comparison of Ant-Tracked Chaos, Variance and eXchroma Colour-Processed Data
4.2 Overview of the eXchroma Ant-Tracked Data Cubes
4.3 Breakdown by Stratigraphic Units
4.4 Comparison of the Lineations with Seismic Amplitude and Borehole Data
5 Discussion
5.1 Data Resolution and Quality
5.2 Discrepancies of Scale
5.3 Interpreting the Features on the Ant-Tracked Seismic Data
6 Conclusions
References
Calibration and Applications of a Rate-Dependent Geomechanical Model for Danian and Maastrichtian Reservoir Chalk (Danish North Sea)
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Laboratory Study
2.2 Geomechanical Model
3 Experimental Studies
3.1 Tensile Strength (Pt)
3.2 Shear
3.3 Plastic
3.4 Water Weakening Effect
4 Geomechanical Modelling
4.1 The Shape of the Yield Surface
4.2 The Yield Function
4.3 Back-Analysis of Triaxial Tests
4.4 In Situ Compaction Measurements
4.5 Field Application
5 Discussion and Final Remarks
5.1 Properties of Danian and Maastrichtian Chalk
5.2 Compaction Simulation of Chalk Reservoir
References
Variations in the Porosity of the Chalk Group in the North Sea Basin Due to Subsidence Related Deformation
1 Introduction
2 The Numerical Model and Parameters Herein
3 Geological Boundary Conditions for the Modelling
3.1 The Kraka Structure
4 Model Geometry
5 The Model Setups
5.1 Model 1
5.2 Model 2
5.3 Model 3
5.4 Model 4
6 Results of the Modeling
6.1 Model 1 (Fig. 3a)
6.2 Model 2 (Fig. 4b)
6.3 Model 3 (Fig. 4c)
6.4 Model 4 (Fig. 4d)
7 Discussion and Conclusion
7.1 Does the Subsidence Model Mimic Reality?
7.2 Stratigraphic Model Used
Acknowledgements
Contents
Introduction
1 The Danish Offshore Technology Centre (DOTC)
2 The Chalk of the Danish North Sea
3 Chalk Research at DHRTC/DOTC
4 Structure of This Book
References
Establishing a High Resolution 3D Fracture Dataset in Chalk: Possibilities and Obstacles Working with Outcrop Data
1 Introduction
2 Study Site
3 Geological Setting
4 Workflow
5 Digital Outcrop Models
5.1 DOM Data Acquisition
5.2 DOM Processing
5.3 Combination and Fracture Mapping of DOMs
6 Ground Penetrating Radar
6.1 GPR Data Acquisition
6.2 GPR Data Processing
7 Shallow Seismic
7.1 Data Acquisition
7.2 Data Processing
8 Data Combination and Observations-Geological Implications
8.1 Faults
8.2 Folds
9 Analogue Considerations
10 Discussion
11 Summary and Conclusions
References
Improved Visualization of Structural Deformation on the Kraka Structure (Danish Central Graben) with Color-Processed Seismic Data
1 Introduction
2 Geological Setting
3 Data and Methods
3.1 Seismic Data and Attributes
3.2 Borehole Data
4 Results
4.1 Comparison of Ant-Tracked Chaos, Variance and eXchroma Colour-Processed Data
4.2 Overview of the eXchroma Ant-Tracked Data Cubes
4.3 Breakdown by Stratigraphic Units
4.4 Comparison of the Lineations with Seismic Amplitude and Borehole Data
5 Discussion
5.1 Data Resolution and Quality
5.2 Discrepancies of Scale
5.3 Interpreting the Features on the Ant-Tracked Seismic Data
6 Conclusions
References
Calibration and Applications of a Rate-Dependent Geomechanical Model for Danian and Maastrichtian Reservoir Chalk (Danish North Sea)
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Laboratory Study
2.2 Geomechanical Model
3 Experimental Studies
3.1 Tensile Strength (Pt)
3.2 Shear
3.3 Plastic
3.4 Water Weakening Effect
4 Geomechanical Modelling
4.1 The Shape of the Yield Surface
4.2 The Yield Function
4.3 Back-Analysis of Triaxial Tests
4.4 In Situ Compaction Measurements
4.5 Field Application
5 Discussion and Final Remarks
5.1 Properties of Danian and Maastrichtian Chalk
5.2 Compaction Simulation of Chalk Reservoir
References
Variations in the Porosity of the Chalk Group in the North Sea Basin Due to Subsidence Related Deformation
1 Introduction
2 The Numerical Model and Parameters Herein
3 Geological Boundary Conditions for the Modelling
3.1 The Kraka Structure
4 Model Geometry
5 The Model Setups
5.1 Model 1
5.2 Model 2
5.3 Model 3
5.4 Model 4
6 Results of the Modeling
6.1 Model 1 (Fig. 3a)
6.2 Model 2 (Fig. 4b)
6.3 Model 3 (Fig. 4c)
6.4 Model 4 (Fig. 4d)
7 Discussion and Conclusion
7.1 Does the Subsidence Model Mimic Reality?
7.2 Stratigraphic Model Used