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Table of Contents
Intro
Preface
Contents
1: Functionalized Targeted Theranostic Nanomedicines
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Design of Nanotheranostic
1.3 Therapy in Nanotheranostic
1.3.1 Drug Therapy
1.3.2 Gene Delivery
1.3.3 Photodynamic Therapy
1.3.4 Photothermal Therapy
1.4 Nanotheranostic for Imaging
1.4.1 Optical Imaging
1.4.2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
1.4.3 Computed Tomography
1.4.4 Ultrasound Imaging
1.5 Different Types of Nanotheranostics
1.5.1 Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
1.5.2 Gold
1.5.3 Carbon Nanomaterials
1.5.4 Graphene Oxide
1.5.5 Polymeric Nanoparticles
1.5.6 Polymeric Micelles
1.5.7 Liposome
1.6 Regulatory Aspects
1.7 Conclusion
References
2: Designing of Smartly Functionalized Theranostic Nanomedicines
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Approaches for Functionalization of Theranostic Nanoparticles
2.2.1 Functionalization of Nanoparticles Using Small Molecule Ligands
2.2.2 Bio-functionalization of Nanoparticles
2.2.2.1 Nucleic Acids
2.2.2.2 Enzymes
2.2.2.3 Peptides
2.2.2.4 Carbohydrates
2.2.2.5 Antibodies
2.3 Methods for Functionalization of Nanoparticles
2.3.1 Covalent Strategies
2.3.1.1 Click-Chemistry Reaction
2.3.1.2 EDC Coupling Reaction
2.3.1.3 Maleimide Coupling
2.3.2 Non-covalent Strategies
2.3.2.1 Ionic Interaction
2.3.2.2 Hydrophobic Coupling
2.4 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
References
3: Theranostic Applications of Functionalized Vesicular Carriers
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Functionalized Nanovesicular Carriers
3.3 Liposomes
3.4 Niosomes
3.5 Exosomes
3.6 Disease-Based Study of Theranostic Vesicular Carriers
3.7 Vesicular Carrier System as Imaging Agents
3.8 Toxicity Concerns Related to Nanovesicular Carrier Systems
3.9 Conclusion and Future Perspective
References
4: Theranostic Applications of Functionalized Polymeric Nanoparticles
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Composition
4.3 Types of Theranostic Polymers
4.3.1 Internal Stimuli
4.3.2 External Stimuli
4.4 Theranostic Applications of Functionalized Polymeric Nanoparticles
4.4.1 Application in Bioimaging
4.4.2 Optical Imaging
4.4.3 Ultrasound Imaging
4.4.4 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
4.4.5 Photoacoustic Imaging
4.4.6 X-Ray Computed Tomography
4.4.7 Radionuclide Imaging
4.4.8 Radioactive Polymeric Nanoparticles for Imaging and Therapy
4.4.9 Application in Infectious Diseases
4.5 Conclusion
References
5: Functionalized Metallic Nanoparticles: Theranostic Applications
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Metal Nanoparticles
5.2.1 Magnetic Nanoparticles
5.2.2 Gold Nanoparticles
5.2.3 Silver Nanoparticles
5.2.4 Up-conversion Nanoparticles
5.3 Functionalization of Metal Nanoparticles
5.3.1 Surface Coating with Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
5.3.2 Functionalization with Stimuli-Responsive Polymer
Preface
Contents
1: Functionalized Targeted Theranostic Nanomedicines
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Design of Nanotheranostic
1.3 Therapy in Nanotheranostic
1.3.1 Drug Therapy
1.3.2 Gene Delivery
1.3.3 Photodynamic Therapy
1.3.4 Photothermal Therapy
1.4 Nanotheranostic for Imaging
1.4.1 Optical Imaging
1.4.2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
1.4.3 Computed Tomography
1.4.4 Ultrasound Imaging
1.5 Different Types of Nanotheranostics
1.5.1 Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
1.5.2 Gold
1.5.3 Carbon Nanomaterials
1.5.4 Graphene Oxide
1.5.5 Polymeric Nanoparticles
1.5.6 Polymeric Micelles
1.5.7 Liposome
1.6 Regulatory Aspects
1.7 Conclusion
References
2: Designing of Smartly Functionalized Theranostic Nanomedicines
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Approaches for Functionalization of Theranostic Nanoparticles
2.2.1 Functionalization of Nanoparticles Using Small Molecule Ligands
2.2.2 Bio-functionalization of Nanoparticles
2.2.2.1 Nucleic Acids
2.2.2.2 Enzymes
2.2.2.3 Peptides
2.2.2.4 Carbohydrates
2.2.2.5 Antibodies
2.3 Methods for Functionalization of Nanoparticles
2.3.1 Covalent Strategies
2.3.1.1 Click-Chemistry Reaction
2.3.1.2 EDC Coupling Reaction
2.3.1.3 Maleimide Coupling
2.3.2 Non-covalent Strategies
2.3.2.1 Ionic Interaction
2.3.2.2 Hydrophobic Coupling
2.4 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
References
3: Theranostic Applications of Functionalized Vesicular Carriers
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Functionalized Nanovesicular Carriers
3.3 Liposomes
3.4 Niosomes
3.5 Exosomes
3.6 Disease-Based Study of Theranostic Vesicular Carriers
3.7 Vesicular Carrier System as Imaging Agents
3.8 Toxicity Concerns Related to Nanovesicular Carrier Systems
3.9 Conclusion and Future Perspective
References
4: Theranostic Applications of Functionalized Polymeric Nanoparticles
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Composition
4.3 Types of Theranostic Polymers
4.3.1 Internal Stimuli
4.3.2 External Stimuli
4.4 Theranostic Applications of Functionalized Polymeric Nanoparticles
4.4.1 Application in Bioimaging
4.4.2 Optical Imaging
4.4.3 Ultrasound Imaging
4.4.4 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
4.4.5 Photoacoustic Imaging
4.4.6 X-Ray Computed Tomography
4.4.7 Radionuclide Imaging
4.4.8 Radioactive Polymeric Nanoparticles for Imaging and Therapy
4.4.9 Application in Infectious Diseases
4.5 Conclusion
References
5: Functionalized Metallic Nanoparticles: Theranostic Applications
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Metal Nanoparticles
5.2.1 Magnetic Nanoparticles
5.2.2 Gold Nanoparticles
5.2.3 Silver Nanoparticles
5.2.4 Up-conversion Nanoparticles
5.3 Functionalization of Metal Nanoparticles
5.3.1 Surface Coating with Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
5.3.2 Functionalization with Stimuli-Responsive Polymer