Intro
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction to High Altitude Medicine
Objectives
Case Study
Discussion of the Case
Pathogeny
Clinic
AMS Clinic
HACE Clinic
HAPE Clinic
Diagnosis
AMS Diagnosis
HACE Diagnosis
HAPE Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis (DD)
AMS DD
HACE DD
HAPE DD
Treatment
AMS and HACE Treatment
HAPE Treatment
Prevention
AMS/HACE Preventive
HAPE Preventive
Question Discussion
References
Chapter 2: History of High Altitude Medicine
HAPE
Introduction

History of High-Altitude Medicine
Soroche and Puna
Ballooning and High Altitude
Exploring the Everest
Conquering the Height Without Oxygen
The "Great and the Little Headache"
How Can You Identify with Acute Mountain Sickness Headache?
Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: Genetics in High Altitude Medicine
Case Scenario
Introduction
Role of Genetics in High Altitude Adaptation
Hypoxia Inducible Factor Pathway
Genes Identified in High Altitude Adaptations
Conclusion
References

Chapter 4: High Altitude Medicine, Its Relevance and Classification According to Meters
Introduction
Definition [3, 4]
Environment Considerations
References
Chapter 5: Physiology of High-Altitude Illness
Case Presentation
Principles of Hypobaric Hypoxia and Its Physiology
Overview
Acclimatization
Respiratory Changes
Renal Changes
Cardiovascular Changes
Hematologic Changes
Evidence Contour
Rate of Ascent
Preaclimatization
Alcohol, Sedative/Hypnotics, and Acclimatization
Diet and Altitude
Exercise
References

Chapter 6: Acid-Base Homeostasis at the High Altitude
Normal ABG Values at High Altitude
Acclimatization in Lowlanders Visiting High Altitudes
What If Acclimatization Is Inadequate?
Can Acid-Base Changes and Acclimatization Be Predicted?
References
Chapter 7: Cardiovascular Changes in High Altitude
Case Scenario
What Is the Diagnosis and Underlying Pathophysiology?
What Is Acute High Altitude Hypoxia (HAH) and the Cardiovascular Response?
The Cardiac System
The Pulmonary Vascular System
High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE)
The Cerebro-Vascular System

High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE)
What Are the Long Term Adaptations at High Altitude?
The Cardiac System
The Pulmonary Vascular System
Conclusion
References
Chapter 8: Peripheral Tissue in High Altitude
Introduction
Acute Adjustments
Acclimatization
Acclimatization to High Altitude
Systemic Circulation
Pulmonary Circulation
Cerebral Circulation
Hematopoietic Responses to Altitude
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve
Tissue Changes
Physiologic Changes during Acclimatization to Maintain Tissue Oxygen (O2) Delivery