Frontmatter
Contents
Preface
1. Introduction to Oppositional Culture
2. Discrimination and Barriers: Basis for Black Cynicism toward Schooling
3. Origins of Youth Perceptions of Opportunity and Academic Investment
4. Effects of Youth Perceptions of Opportunity on Academic Achievement
5. Racial Differences in Academic Orientation of Youth
6. Should Blacks Become Raceless to Improve Achievement?
7. Shifting the Focus Away from Culture and toward Prior Skills
8. Does Marginalization Equal Resistance to Schooling? A Class-Based Analysis
9. Refocusing Understanding of Racial Differences in Academic Outcomes
Appendix A. Appendix B. Appendix C. Appendix D. Notes. References. Acknowledgements. Index.
Appendix A: Note of Caution about Testing
Appendix B: Sources of Data
Appendix C: Methodological Appendix
Appendix D: Description of Measures
Notes
Bibliography
Acknowledgments
Index