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Intro
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
About the Editors
Abbreviations
List of Figures
List of Tables
1: Epidemiology and Aetiology of Penile Cancer
Introduction
Epidemiology
Presentation by T Stage
Aetiology
Phimosis and Inflammatory Conditions Including Lichen Sclerosus
Circumcision and its Protective Effect
Obesity and Hygiene
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Penile Cancer
Smoking and Tobacco Use
Psoralen UV-A Phototherapy (PUVA)
Revisions Questions
Multiple Choice Questions
Viva Cases
Answers
References

2: Pathology and Molecular Biology of Penile Cancer
Introduction
Precursor Lesions
Predisposing Conditions
Condylomata
Lichen Sclerosus
Penile Cancer
Subtypes
Tumour Grading
Tumour Staging
Perineurial and Lymphovascular Invasion
Excision Margins
Molecular Alterations in Penile Cancer
Somatic Mutations
Copy Number Variations
Genes Related with HPV Status
Potential Therapeutic Targets
Markers of Penile Cancer Progression and Metastasis
Summary
Revisions Questions
Multiple Choice Questions
Viva Cases
Answers
References

3: Imaging Techniques Used in Penile Cancer
Introduction
Imaging the Penis: Local Staging, Clinical Examination, Ultrasound, and MRI
The Anatomy of the Penis as Seen on MRI
Anatomy on Ultrasound
Imaging Techniques: MRI
Ultrasound, and the Need for Tumescence
MRI and Ultrasound for Primary Staging
Other Penile Tumours
Nodal Staging
Nodal Anatomy & Cross-Sectional Imaging
Advanced Techniques: PET
MR Lymphography
Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy
Sentinel Node Anatomy
Imaging of Metastases
EAU Guidelines and Protocols for Staging and Follow Up

Protocols for Follow Up
Future Directions
Revision Questions
Multiple Choice Questions
Viva Cases
Answers
References
Untitled
4: Diagnosing and Staging Patients with Penile Cancer
History and Physical Exam
Biopsy and Pathology
Staging of Penile Cancer
Staging of the Primary Tumour
Staging of Inguinal Lymph Nodes
Palpable Lymph Nodes
Non-palpable Lymph Nodes
Staging for Metastasis
Revision Questions
Multiple Choice Questions
Viva Cases
Answers
References
5: Premalignant Penile Lesions
Introduction

Human Papillomavirus-Related Lesions
Penile Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Giant Condyloma Acuminatum (Buschke-Löwenstein Tumour)
HPV Infection and Malignant Transformation
Non-Human Papillomavirus-Related Lesions
Lichen Sclerosus (Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans)
Pseudoepitheliomatous Keratotic and Micaceous Balanitis
Cutaneous Horn
Treatment of Premalignant Penile Lesions
Topical Therapies-5-Fluorouracil
Topical Therapies-Imiquimod
Cryotherapy
Laser Therapy
Photodynamic Therapy
Surgical Excision
Follow up
Revisions Questions
Multiple Choice Questions

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