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Table of Contents
Overview of Production Concepts
Separation in Pure Electromagnetic Fields
Ion-Optical Definitions and Tools
Laterally Dispersive Systems
ISOL Separators
Dispersion Matching, In-flight Separators
Longitudinally Dispersive Systems
Combination of Laterally and Longitudinally Dispersive Systems
Summary
References
2 Exotic Nuclei and Their Separation, Using Atomic Interactions
Contents
Introduction
Electromagnetic Separation Combined with Atomic Interactions
Energy-Bunching with a Monoenergetic Degrader in a Dispersive Separator Stage
Spatial Isotopic Separation with Energy Degraders in Achromatic In-Flight Separators
Charge-Changing Collisions During Penetration of Matter
Overview of the Different Separation Methods
Summary, Key Achievements, and Future Prospects
References
3 Reactions for Production of Exotic Nuclei
Contents
Introduction
Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions to Create Exotic Nuclei
Fusion Reactions
Measurement of Fusion Cross Sections
Capture of Nuclei
Formation of the Compound Nucleus
Decay of Compound Nucleus
Peculiarities of Fusion Reactions Leading to Superheavy Nuclei
Multinucleon Transfer Reactions
High-Energy Nuclear Reactions to Create Exotic Nuclei
Model Description of Fragmentation Reactions
Intranuclear Cascade Models
Glauber Theory and the Abrasion Model
Transport Models
Statistical De-excitation of Fragmentation Remnants
Residual Nuclei Produced in Fragmentation Reactions
Fragmentation of Fissile Nuclei
Fragmentation of Neutron-Rich Nuclei
References
4 Masses of Exotic Nuclei
Contents
Introduction: Importance of Nuclear Masses for Nuclear Physics
Experimental Aspects
Modern Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Radionuclides
Heavy-Ion Storage Rings
Multi-reflection Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometers
Penning Traps
Mass Spectrometry on Radioactive Ions
Nuclear Structure Studies
Nuclear Astrophysics Studies
Fundamental Interactions and Standard Model Tests
Nuclear Mass Models and Theoretical Approaches
Macroscopic-Microscopic Mass Models
Mean-Field Models
Uncertainties in Mass Predictions
Concluding Remarks
References
5 Lifetimes of Exotic Nuclei
Contents
Introduction
General Properties of Nuclear Decays
Evolution of Radioactive Nuclei in Time
Separation in Pure Electromagnetic Fields
Ion-Optical Definitions and Tools
Laterally Dispersive Systems
ISOL Separators
Dispersion Matching, In-flight Separators
Longitudinally Dispersive Systems
Combination of Laterally and Longitudinally Dispersive Systems
Summary
References
2 Exotic Nuclei and Their Separation, Using Atomic Interactions
Contents
Introduction
Electromagnetic Separation Combined with Atomic Interactions
Energy-Bunching with a Monoenergetic Degrader in a Dispersive Separator Stage
Spatial Isotopic Separation with Energy Degraders in Achromatic In-Flight Separators
Charge-Changing Collisions During Penetration of Matter
Overview of the Different Separation Methods
Summary, Key Achievements, and Future Prospects
References
3 Reactions for Production of Exotic Nuclei
Contents
Introduction
Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions to Create Exotic Nuclei
Fusion Reactions
Measurement of Fusion Cross Sections
Capture of Nuclei
Formation of the Compound Nucleus
Decay of Compound Nucleus
Peculiarities of Fusion Reactions Leading to Superheavy Nuclei
Multinucleon Transfer Reactions
High-Energy Nuclear Reactions to Create Exotic Nuclei
Model Description of Fragmentation Reactions
Intranuclear Cascade Models
Glauber Theory and the Abrasion Model
Transport Models
Statistical De-excitation of Fragmentation Remnants
Residual Nuclei Produced in Fragmentation Reactions
Fragmentation of Fissile Nuclei
Fragmentation of Neutron-Rich Nuclei
References
4 Masses of Exotic Nuclei
Contents
Introduction: Importance of Nuclear Masses for Nuclear Physics
Experimental Aspects
Modern Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Radionuclides
Heavy-Ion Storage Rings
Multi-reflection Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometers
Penning Traps
Mass Spectrometry on Radioactive Ions
Nuclear Structure Studies
Nuclear Astrophysics Studies
Fundamental Interactions and Standard Model Tests
Nuclear Mass Models and Theoretical Approaches
Macroscopic-Microscopic Mass Models
Mean-Field Models
Uncertainties in Mass Predictions
Concluding Remarks
References
5 Lifetimes of Exotic Nuclei
Contents
Introduction
General Properties of Nuclear Decays
Evolution of Radioactive Nuclei in Time