Intro
Preface
Contents
About the Editor
1 Introduction of Biochar: Sources, Composition, and Recent Updates
1 Introduction
2 Sources of Biochar
3 Composition of Biochar
4 Biochar Production
4.1 Pyrolysis
4.2 Hydrothermal Carbonization
4.3 Gasification
4.4 Torrefaction and Quick Carbonization
5 Properties of Biochar
5.1 Physical Properties
5.2 Chemical Properties
6 Applications of Biochar
7 Potentials of Biochar in India
8 Conclusion
References
2 Biochar in Catalysis and Biotransformation
1 Introduction

2 Characterization of Biochar
3 Properties of Biochar
3.1 Hydrogen Ion Strength (pH) of Biochar (BC)
3.2 Biochar Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC)
3.3 Stability of Biochar (BC)
4 Biochar in Catalysis
5 Classification of Biochar-Derived Solid Catalysts
5.1 Acid Catalysts
5.2 Alkali Catalysts
6 Biochar-A Favorable Catalyst
6.1 Biodiesel Production with Biochar-Derived Catalysts
6.2 Energy Storage
6.3 Remediation
6.4 Soil Amelioration
7 Biochar and Biotransformation
8 Bicohar in Bioremediation
9 Role of Biochar in Biotransformation-A Few Studies

9.1 Degradation of Roxarsone by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
9.2 Glucose to L-Histidine Through Escherichia Coli Metabolism
9.3 Denitrification and Mitigation of N2O Production
9.4 Biotransformation of Phosphorous
9.5 Remediation of Chromium Toxicity by Biochar, Poultry Manure, and Sewage Sludge (Biosolids) in Rice Crop
9.6 Adsorption of Manganese and Its Biotransformation by Streptomyces Violarus Strain SBP1 Cell-Immobilized Biochar
9.7 Microbial Biotransformation of Arsenic in Paddy Soil After Straw-Biochar and Straw-Amendments

9.8 De-chlorination of Pentachlorophenol in a Microbial Consortium
9.9 Chemical and Microbial Transformation of Pentachlorophenol in Paddy Soil
10 Conclusion
11 Future Perspectives
References
3 Biochar: A Potent Adsorbent
1 Introduction
2 Effects of Properties of Biochar on Adsorption Performance
2.1 Surface Functional Groups
2.2 Specific Surface Area (SSA)
2.3 Pore Size Distribution and Pore Volume
2.4 The pH Value of Biochar
3 Biochar for Water Treatment
3.1 Adsorption of Organic Contaminants
3.2 Adsorption of Inorganic Contaminants

3.3 Microbial Contaminants Removal
4 Biochar for Air Treatment
4.1 Adsorption of Organic Contaminants
4.2 Adsorption of Inorganic Contaminants
5 Future Directions
6 Conclusion
References
4 Biochar in Carbon Sequestration
1 Introduction
2 Biochar
2.1 Biochar Production
2.2 Biochar Modification
3 Biochar for CO2 Sequestration
3.1 Wooden Biochar
3.2 Seeds/Kernel-Originated Biochar
3.3 Shell/Husk-Originated Biochar
4 Conclusions and Future Directions
References
5 Biochar for Management of Wastewater
1 Introduction
2 Modification of Biochar