Intro
Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Section Editors
Contributors
Part I: Emissions of Atmospheric Pollutants
1 Anthropogenic Emissions Inventories of Air Pollutants
1 Introduction
2 General Methodology Used in the Development of Anthropogenic Emission Inventories
3 Global Anthropogenic Emissions Datasets
3.1 UNFCCC Reports for Greenhouse Gases
3.2 The EDGAR Emissions Database
3.3 The HTAP Emission Mosaic
3.4 CEDS, the Community Emissions Data System
3.5 CAMS-GLOB-ANT
3.6 ECLIPSE-GAINS
3.7 Global Emissions from Ships

3.8 Global Temporal Profiles
3.9 Adjustment of Emissions for the Covid Lockdowns
3.10 Other Datasets
4 Regional Anthropogenic Emissions Datasets
4.1 Europe
4.2 Americas
4.2.1 The USA
4.2.2 Canada
4.2.3 Latin America
4.3 Africa
4.4 Asia
4.4.1 Emissions in China
4.4.2 Emissions in India
4.4.3 Other Regions in Asia
5 Community Activities and Access to the Inventories
6 Conclusion
References
2 Natural Emissions on Global Scale
1 Introduction
2 Biogenic Emissions of Organic Volatile Compounds from Vegetation

2.1 Modeling Approaches to BVOC Emissions
2.1.1 Process-Based BVOC Emission Model Algorithm of Niinemets et al.
2.1.2 Semiempirical BVOC Model Algorithm of Guenther et al.
2.2 Global Estimates of BVOC Emissions
2.3 Data Availability
3 Soil Emissions of NOx
3.1 Modeling Methods for Estimation of Soil NOx
3.2 Global Distribution of Soil NOx
3.3 Data Availability
4 Marine Emissions
4.1 Air-Sea Exchange Across the Sea Surface
4.2 Carbon Dioxide
4.3 Methane
4.4 Nitrous Oxide
4.5 Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds
4.6 Sulfur Compounds

4.7 Halogenated Gases
5 Gas Emissions from Volcanoes
5.1 Origin, Speciation, and Observation of Volcanic Emissions
5.2 Data Services
6 Dust Emissions
6.1 Dust Sources
6.2 Dust Emission Flux
6.3 Dust Emission Parameterization
6.4 Threshold Wind Velocity
6.5 Soil Moisture
6.6 Soil Crust
6.7 Particle Size Distribution at Emission
7 Comparison of Natural and Anthropogenic Emissions
References
Part II: Ground-Based, In Situ Surface Observations
3 Ground-Based Reactive Gas Observations Within the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Network
1 Introduction

2 Locations and Requirements of the Observation Sites
3 Observation Principles and Methods: Precision and Accuracy of the Observations and Calibration Methods
3.1 NOx
3.1.1 Measurement of NO
3.1.2 Measurement of NO2
3.2 VOCs
3.2.1 VOC Measurement Techniques
3.2.2 VOC Data Quality Objectives (DQOs)
3.2.3 VOC Calibration Methods
3.3 Ozone
4 Data Repositories
5 Conclusion: Brief Scientific Findings
5.1 NOx
5.2 VOCs
5.3 Ozone
References
4 Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Aerosol Program
1 Introduction
2 Organizational Structure of GAW Aerosol Program