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Table of Contents
Intro
Preface
Contents
Abbreviations
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Boxes
1: Basics
1.1 Definitions and Concepts
1.1.1 Performance Analysis
1.1.2 Competition, Training, and Athletes' Abilities
1.1.3 Theoretical and Practical Performance Analysis
1.1.4 General Model of Sports Performance Structure
1.2 Performance Analysis in Game Sports
1.2.1 The Nature of Game Sports
1.2.2 Basic Problems of Performance Analysis in Game Sports
1.3 Approaches in Performance Analysis
1.3.1 Classical Performance Analysis
1.3.2 Notational Analysis
1.3.3 Sports Analytics
2: Action Detection
2.1 Assessment of Behaviour
2.2 Design of Observational Systems
2.2.1 Type of Observational Systems
2.2.1.1 Event Systems
2.2.1.2 Category Systems
2.2.2 Elements of Observational Systems
2.2.2.1 Observational Units
2.2.2.2 Observational Variables
2.2.2.3 Levels of Observational Variables
2.2.3 Complex Observational Systems
2.3 Validation of Observational Systems
2.3.1 General Framework of Validation
2.3.1.1 Reliability
2.3.1.2 Validity
2.3.2 Role of Observer
2.3.2.1 Observer Training
2.3.3 Methods and Statistics for Testing Observer Agreement
2.3.3.1 Agreement Matrices for Observer Training
2.3.3.2 Weighted Kappa
2.3.3.3 The Kappa Paradox
2.3.3.4 Inter- and Intra-observer Agreement
2.4 Examples for Studies Using Action Detection
2.4.1 Event Profiling
2.4.2 Detailed Event Observation
2.4.3 Hierarchical Categorial System
3: Position Detection
3.1 Functioning of Position Tracking
3.1.1 Position Detection Methods
3.1.1.1 GPS
3.1.1.2 LPS
3.1.1.3 Video
3.1.2 Signal Processing
3.1.2.1 Sampling Frequency
3.1.2.2 Smoothing
3.2 Validation of Tracking Systems
3.2.1 Gold Standards for Position Tracking in Sports
3.2.2 Design of Validation Studies
3.2.2.1 Measurement Site
3.2.2.2 Exercises
3.2.2.3 Levels of Analysis
3.2.2.4 Representation of Objects/Players
3.2.2.5 Data Processing Steps
3.2.3 Accuracy of Position Tracking in Sports
3.2.3.1 Video-Based Tracking (VBT)
3.2.3.2 LPS
3.2.3.3 GPS
4: Theoretical Performance Analysis
4.1 Statistical Approaches of TPA
4.1.1 Performance Profiles
4.1.2 Impact of Influencing Factors
4.1.3 Criticism of Statistical Approaches
4.2 Modelling Approaches
4.2.1 Methodological Aspects of Modelling Approaches
4.2.1.1 Types of Validation
4.2.1.2 Levels of Modelling
4.2.2 Direct Modelling of Game Behaviour
4.2.2.1 Ball Control
4.2.2.2 Ball Possession Episodes
4.2.2.3 Playing Style
4.2.2.4 Performance Indices
4.2.2.5 Fatigue
Alternative Explanations for Decreasing Performances
The Spectral Fatigue Index (SFI)
Individual Courses of Match Intensity
Transient Fatigue and Regression to the Mean
Preface
Contents
Abbreviations
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Boxes
1: Basics
1.1 Definitions and Concepts
1.1.1 Performance Analysis
1.1.2 Competition, Training, and Athletes' Abilities
1.1.3 Theoretical and Practical Performance Analysis
1.1.4 General Model of Sports Performance Structure
1.2 Performance Analysis in Game Sports
1.2.1 The Nature of Game Sports
1.2.2 Basic Problems of Performance Analysis in Game Sports
1.3 Approaches in Performance Analysis
1.3.1 Classical Performance Analysis
1.3.2 Notational Analysis
1.3.3 Sports Analytics
2: Action Detection
2.1 Assessment of Behaviour
2.2 Design of Observational Systems
2.2.1 Type of Observational Systems
2.2.1.1 Event Systems
2.2.1.2 Category Systems
2.2.2 Elements of Observational Systems
2.2.2.1 Observational Units
2.2.2.2 Observational Variables
2.2.2.3 Levels of Observational Variables
2.2.3 Complex Observational Systems
2.3 Validation of Observational Systems
2.3.1 General Framework of Validation
2.3.1.1 Reliability
2.3.1.2 Validity
2.3.2 Role of Observer
2.3.2.1 Observer Training
2.3.3 Methods and Statistics for Testing Observer Agreement
2.3.3.1 Agreement Matrices for Observer Training
2.3.3.2 Weighted Kappa
2.3.3.3 The Kappa Paradox
2.3.3.4 Inter- and Intra-observer Agreement
2.4 Examples for Studies Using Action Detection
2.4.1 Event Profiling
2.4.2 Detailed Event Observation
2.4.3 Hierarchical Categorial System
3: Position Detection
3.1 Functioning of Position Tracking
3.1.1 Position Detection Methods
3.1.1.1 GPS
3.1.1.2 LPS
3.1.1.3 Video
3.1.2 Signal Processing
3.1.2.1 Sampling Frequency
3.1.2.2 Smoothing
3.2 Validation of Tracking Systems
3.2.1 Gold Standards for Position Tracking in Sports
3.2.2 Design of Validation Studies
3.2.2.1 Measurement Site
3.2.2.2 Exercises
3.2.2.3 Levels of Analysis
3.2.2.4 Representation of Objects/Players
3.2.2.5 Data Processing Steps
3.2.3 Accuracy of Position Tracking in Sports
3.2.3.1 Video-Based Tracking (VBT)
3.2.3.2 LPS
3.2.3.3 GPS
4: Theoretical Performance Analysis
4.1 Statistical Approaches of TPA
4.1.1 Performance Profiles
4.1.2 Impact of Influencing Factors
4.1.3 Criticism of Statistical Approaches
4.2 Modelling Approaches
4.2.1 Methodological Aspects of Modelling Approaches
4.2.1.1 Types of Validation
4.2.1.2 Levels of Modelling
4.2.2 Direct Modelling of Game Behaviour
4.2.2.1 Ball Control
4.2.2.2 Ball Possession Episodes
4.2.2.3 Playing Style
4.2.2.4 Performance Indices
4.2.2.5 Fatigue
Alternative Explanations for Decreasing Performances
The Spectral Fatigue Index (SFI)
Individual Courses of Match Intensity
Transient Fatigue and Regression to the Mean