Intro
Foreword
Contents
Introduction
1 Introduction
References
Lyme Diseases Epidemiology: Update 2022
1 Introduction
2 Transmission and Life Cycle
3 Demographics
4 Global Geographical Distribution of Lyme Disease
4.1 North America
4.2 Europe
4.3 Asia
5 Risk Factors for Human Infection Associated with Geographical and Environmental Conditions
References
Etiopathogenesis of Lyme Carditis
1 Introduction
2 Pathogenesis
2.1 Transmission of Lyme Disease to Human
2.2 Direct Invasion of Myocardial Tissues

2.3 Inflammation and Borrelia burgdorferi
3 Conductive Disease and Arrhythmias
3.1 Lyme Endocarditis
4 Myocarditis and Pericarditis
5 Dilated Cardiomyopathy
6 Conclusion
References
Stages of Lyme Disease
1 Introduction
2 Early Localized Lyme Disease (Stage 1)
2.1 Erythema Migrans Rash
2.2 Other Acute Symptoms
2.3 Early Laboratory Diagnosis
2.4 Asymptomatic Infection
3 Early Disseminated Lyme Disease (Stage 2)
3.1 Multiple Erythema Migrans Lesions
3.2 Neurologic Lyme Disease
3.3 Cardiac Disease
3.4 Musculoskeletal Signs and Symptoms

4 Late Lyme Disease (Stage 3)
4.1 Late Lyme Arthritis
4.2 Late Neurologic Disease
4.3 Probable Late Lyme Disease
5 Post-treatment Outcomes
5.1 Chronic Lyme Disease
5.2 Post-treatment Lyme Disease
5.3 Post-infectious Lyme Arthritis
6 Conclusions
References
Pathophysiology of Early Disseminated Lyme Carditis
1 Introduction
2 Method of Transmission
3 Pathophysiological Mechanisms
4 Direct Invasion of Myocardial Tissue by B. Burgdorferi
5 Proteins Involved in Spirochete Invasion
6 Exaggerated Inflammatory Response
7 Maladaptive Immune Response

8 Conclusions
References
Clinical Manifestations of Early Disseminated Lyme Carditis
1 Introduction
2 Pathophysiology
3 Clinical Findings-Early Disseminated Lyme Carditis (EDLC)
3.1 General Symptoms
3.2 Atrioventricular Conduction Abnormalities
3.3 Myocarditis/Pericarditis
3.4 Miscellaneous Abnormalities
4 Diagnosis
5 Treatment
6 Prognosis
7 Conclusion
References
Differential Diagnosis of Unexpected Atrioventricular Blocks and Application of the SILC Score
1 Introduction
2 Brief Anatomy and Physiology of the Atrioventricular Junction

3 Causes of Atrioventricular Block
4 Infectious Diseases
4.1 Lyme Disease
4.2 Rheumatic Fever
4.3 Tuberculosis
4.4 Chagas Disease
4.5 Infective Endocarditis
5 Infiltrative Diseases
5.1 Sarcoidosis
5.2 Amyloidosis
5.3 Hemochromatosis
6 Autoimmune Disorders
7 Conclusion
References
Diagnosis and Management of Lyme Carditis
1 Introduction
2 Signs and Symptoms
3 Diagnosis
3.1 Conduction Abnormalities
3.2 Endocarditis
3.3 Dilated Cardiomyopathy
4 Management
4.1 SILC Score and Antibiotic Therapy
4.2 Pacing for High Degree AVB