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Table of Contents
Intro
Foreword
Reviewers
Contents
Part IOrigin, Acquisition, Analog Processing, and Digitization of Biosignals
1 Origin and Detection of Bioelectric Signals
1.1 The Neuron
1.2 Electrical Excitation Conduction and Projection
1.3 Galvanic Sensors
1.3.1 Basics
1.3.2 Offset Voltage
1.3.3 Impedance
1.4 Capacitive Sensors
1.4.1 Sensor Technology
1.4.2 Metrology
1.5 Experimental Data
1.5.1 Action Potentials of Natural Neurons
1.5.2 EEG, Sensory System
1.5.3 Needle and Surface EMG
1.5.4 Stress ECG
References
2 Amplification and Analog Filtering in Medical Measurement Technology
2.1 Properties of Biosignals and Disturbances
2.1.1 Properties of Biosignals and Disturbances Over Time
2.1.2 Properties of Biosignals and Interference in the Spectrum
2.1.3 Coupling of Disturbances into the Measuring Order
2.2 Medical Measuring Amplifiers
2.2.1 Specifics of the Medical Measurement Technology
2.2.2 Differential Amplifier
2.2.3 Operational Amplifier, Instrumentation Amplifier
2.2.4 Isolation Amplifier
2.2.5 Guarding Technology
2.2.6 Active Electrodes
2.3 Analog Filters
2.3.1 Basics
2.3.2 Active Filters with Operational Amplifiers
2.3.3 Phase Frequency Response
2.4 Exercises
2.4.1 Tasks
2.4.2 Solutions
3 Acquisition, Sampling, and Digitization of Biosignals
3.1 Biosignal Acquisition
3.1.1 Derivation Technology
3.1.2 References in Biosignal Acquisition
3.2 Biosignal Sampling
3.2.1 Spectral Characteristics of the Scan
3.2.2 A Sampling of Bandlimited Signals
3.2.3 Scanning in Multichannel Systems
3.3 Digitization of Biosignals
3.3.1 Integrating Transducers
3.3.2 Successive Approximation
3.3.3 Delta-Sigma Conversion
3.4 Exercises
3.4.1 Tasks
3.4.2 Solutions
Reference
Part IITime and Frequency Analysis, Digital Filtering
4 Time, Frequency, and Compound Domain
4.1 Signal Analysis in the Time Domain
4.1.1 Feature Identification
4.1.2 Determination of Curve Parameters
4.2 Signal Analysis in the Frequency Domain
4.2.1 Fourier Transform
4.2.2 Discrete Fourier Transform
4.3 Signal Analysis in the Time-Frequency Composite Range
4.3.1 Introduction to Time-Frequency Distributions
4.3.2 Fourier-Based Time-Frequency Distributions
4.3.3 Wavelets
4.4 Exercises
4.4.1 Tasks
4.4.2 Solutions
References
5 Digital Filtering
5.1 Introduction to Digital Filtering
5.2 LTI-Systems: FIR and IIR
5.2.1 Introduction to Impulse Response and Filter Structure
5.2.2 Infinite Impulse Response Filter, IIR
5.2.3 Finite Impulse Response Filter, FIR
5.3 LTV Systems: Time-Variable and Adaptive Filters
5.3.1 Basics of Time-Variable Filtering
5.3.2 Time Variable Filters
5.3.3 Adaptive Filters
5.4 Spatiotemporal Filtering
5.4.1 Fundamentals of Spatiotemporal Filtering
5.4.2 Beamforming
5.4.3 Spatial Filter
5.4.4 Average Reference
Foreword
Reviewers
Contents
Part IOrigin, Acquisition, Analog Processing, and Digitization of Biosignals
1 Origin and Detection of Bioelectric Signals
1.1 The Neuron
1.2 Electrical Excitation Conduction and Projection
1.3 Galvanic Sensors
1.3.1 Basics
1.3.2 Offset Voltage
1.3.3 Impedance
1.4 Capacitive Sensors
1.4.1 Sensor Technology
1.4.2 Metrology
1.5 Experimental Data
1.5.1 Action Potentials of Natural Neurons
1.5.2 EEG, Sensory System
1.5.3 Needle and Surface EMG
1.5.4 Stress ECG
References
2 Amplification and Analog Filtering in Medical Measurement Technology
2.1 Properties of Biosignals and Disturbances
2.1.1 Properties of Biosignals and Disturbances Over Time
2.1.2 Properties of Biosignals and Interference in the Spectrum
2.1.3 Coupling of Disturbances into the Measuring Order
2.2 Medical Measuring Amplifiers
2.2.1 Specifics of the Medical Measurement Technology
2.2.2 Differential Amplifier
2.2.3 Operational Amplifier, Instrumentation Amplifier
2.2.4 Isolation Amplifier
2.2.5 Guarding Technology
2.2.6 Active Electrodes
2.3 Analog Filters
2.3.1 Basics
2.3.2 Active Filters with Operational Amplifiers
2.3.3 Phase Frequency Response
2.4 Exercises
2.4.1 Tasks
2.4.2 Solutions
3 Acquisition, Sampling, and Digitization of Biosignals
3.1 Biosignal Acquisition
3.1.1 Derivation Technology
3.1.2 References in Biosignal Acquisition
3.2 Biosignal Sampling
3.2.1 Spectral Characteristics of the Scan
3.2.2 A Sampling of Bandlimited Signals
3.2.3 Scanning in Multichannel Systems
3.3 Digitization of Biosignals
3.3.1 Integrating Transducers
3.3.2 Successive Approximation
3.3.3 Delta-Sigma Conversion
3.4 Exercises
3.4.1 Tasks
3.4.2 Solutions
Reference
Part IITime and Frequency Analysis, Digital Filtering
4 Time, Frequency, and Compound Domain
4.1 Signal Analysis in the Time Domain
4.1.1 Feature Identification
4.1.2 Determination of Curve Parameters
4.2 Signal Analysis in the Frequency Domain
4.2.1 Fourier Transform
4.2.2 Discrete Fourier Transform
4.3 Signal Analysis in the Time-Frequency Composite Range
4.3.1 Introduction to Time-Frequency Distributions
4.3.2 Fourier-Based Time-Frequency Distributions
4.3.3 Wavelets
4.4 Exercises
4.4.1 Tasks
4.4.2 Solutions
References
5 Digital Filtering
5.1 Introduction to Digital Filtering
5.2 LTI-Systems: FIR and IIR
5.2.1 Introduction to Impulse Response and Filter Structure
5.2.2 Infinite Impulse Response Filter, IIR
5.2.3 Finite Impulse Response Filter, FIR
5.3 LTV Systems: Time-Variable and Adaptive Filters
5.3.1 Basics of Time-Variable Filtering
5.3.2 Time Variable Filters
5.3.3 Adaptive Filters
5.4 Spatiotemporal Filtering
5.4.1 Fundamentals of Spatiotemporal Filtering
5.4.2 Beamforming
5.4.3 Spatial Filter
5.4.4 Average Reference