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Table of Contents
Intro
Foreword
Foreword
References
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Editors
Contributors
Part I: History, Basic Science, and Epidemiology
1 Historical Milestones in Female Genitourinary and Pelvic Floor Reconstruction
Introduction
Antiquity
Medieval Era
The Renaissance
The Seventeenth Century
The Eighteenth Century
The Nineteenth Century Before Asepsia
The Nineteenth Century: The Birth of Asepsia
The Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries: The Evolution of a Specialty
Conclusion
References
2 Embryology and Development of Congenital Anomalies of the Pelvis and Female Organs
Introduction
The Early Zygote and Embryogenesis
Cloacal Division
Primitive Mullerian Duct Development
Development of the Genital Ducts
Development of the Uterus and Vagina
Sexual Differentiation
The Array of Relevant Anomalies Which May Present in the Clinical Setting
Vaginal and Uterine Anomalies
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4
Class 5
Class 6
Class 7
Ureteric Bud Anomalies
Vesicoureteric Reflux
Renal Calculi
Malignancy
Gartnerś Duct Cyst (GDC)
Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome (MRHK)
McKusick-Kaufman Syndrome (MKKS)
Pelvic Anomalies
Conclusion
References
3 Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology
Introduction
Bladder Biomechanics
Bladder Architecture
Urothelium
Lamina Propria
Detrusor
Extracellular Matrix
Neuropharmacology of Bladder Storage and Emptying
Adrenergic Stimulation: Storage
Cholinergic Stimulation
Urinary Symptoms/Signs Associated with Signaling Changes in the Bladder
Knowledge Gap: Animal Models for Bladder Biomechanics
Peripheral Nervous System
Afferent Communication
Neuroanatomy of the Urinary Tract
Physiology of Urinary Storage and Emptying (Fig. 8)
Physiology of Stress Urinary Continence
Pathophysiology of Micturition Dysfunction
Conclusion
References
5 The Epidemiology and Socioeconomic Impact of Female GU and Pelvic Floor Disorders
Introduction
Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Race/Ethnicity
Socioeconomic Burden
Urinary Incontinence
Stress Urinary Incontinence
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Race/Ethnicity
Socioeconomic Impact
Overactive Bladder
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Socioeconomic Impact
Foreword
Foreword
References
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Editors
Contributors
Part I: History, Basic Science, and Epidemiology
1 Historical Milestones in Female Genitourinary and Pelvic Floor Reconstruction
Introduction
Antiquity
Medieval Era
The Renaissance
The Seventeenth Century
The Eighteenth Century
The Nineteenth Century Before Asepsia
The Nineteenth Century: The Birth of Asepsia
The Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries: The Evolution of a Specialty
Conclusion
References
2 Embryology and Development of Congenital Anomalies of the Pelvis and Female Organs
Introduction
The Early Zygote and Embryogenesis
Cloacal Division
Primitive Mullerian Duct Development
Development of the Genital Ducts
Development of the Uterus and Vagina
Sexual Differentiation
The Array of Relevant Anomalies Which May Present in the Clinical Setting
Vaginal and Uterine Anomalies
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4
Class 5
Class 6
Class 7
Ureteric Bud Anomalies
Vesicoureteric Reflux
Renal Calculi
Malignancy
Gartnerś Duct Cyst (GDC)
Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome (MRHK)
McKusick-Kaufman Syndrome (MKKS)
Pelvic Anomalies
Conclusion
References
3 Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology
Introduction
Bladder Biomechanics
Bladder Architecture
Urothelium
Lamina Propria
Detrusor
Extracellular Matrix
Neuropharmacology of Bladder Storage and Emptying
Adrenergic Stimulation: Storage
Cholinergic Stimulation
Urinary Symptoms/Signs Associated with Signaling Changes in the Bladder
Knowledge Gap: Animal Models for Bladder Biomechanics
Peripheral Nervous System
Afferent Communication
Neuroanatomy of the Urinary Tract
Physiology of Urinary Storage and Emptying (Fig. 8)
Physiology of Stress Urinary Continence
Pathophysiology of Micturition Dysfunction
Conclusion
References
5 The Epidemiology and Socioeconomic Impact of Female GU and Pelvic Floor Disorders
Introduction
Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Race/Ethnicity
Socioeconomic Burden
Urinary Incontinence
Stress Urinary Incontinence
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Race/Ethnicity
Socioeconomic Impact
Overactive Bladder
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Socioeconomic Impact