Intro
Preface
Organization
Contents
Effects of Duration and Envelope of Vibrotactile Alerts on Urgency, Annoyance, and Acceptance
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Participants
2.2 Vibrotactile Alert Parameters
2.3 Apparatus and Experimental Task
3 Experiment 1: Effects of Alert Duration
3.1 Experimental Protocol
3.2 Results
4 Experiment 2: Vibrotactile Alert Envelope
4.1 Experimental Setup
4.2 Procedure
4.3 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Optimal Design of Braille Display Based on Adaptive-Network-based Fuzzy Inference

1 Introduction
2 Design of an Electromagnetically Driven Braille Display
2.1 Design Goals for Braille Display
2.2 Design of Electromagnetically Driven Braille Display
3 Optimization of Design Parameters for Electromagnetic Braille Display
3.1 Components of ANFIS System
3.2 Building an ANFIS Model of the Braille Display
3.3 Model Training
4 Prototype Development of Braille Display
5 Validation Experiments
5.1 Measurement of Dot Support Force
5.2 Measurement of Dot Response Speed
5.3 Measurement of Braille Display Operating Temperature

5.4 Measurement of Braille Display Accuracy
6 Conclusion
References
Modality-Specific Effect of Cueing on Inter-Manual Coordination in Bimanual Force Control Tasks with Accentuated- or Attenuated-Force Production
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Apparatus
2.3 Task Design
2.4 Procedures
2.5 Data Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Creation of Realistic Haptic Experiences for Materialized Graphics
1 Introduction
2 Materialized Graphics Before 2016
2.1 Single-Focus Amplitude Modulation
2.2 Midair Touch Panel

2.3 Tactile Projector
2.4 HaptoClone
3 Tactile Reproduction Through Ultrasound
3.1 Recent Progress of Haptic Feel Creation
3.2 Spatial Pressure Pattern Generation
3.3 Problems in Pressure Pattern Rendering
3.4 Lateral Modulation
3.5 Static-Pressure Presentation
3.6 Cooling-Sensation Presentation
4 Summary
References
Vibrotactile Encoding of Object Features and Alert Levels for the Visually Impaired
1 Introduction
1.1 Contributions
2 Related Work
2.1 Tactile Travel Aids for the Visually Impaired
2.2 Mental Model of the Visually Impaired

2.3 Vibrotactile Cues for Semantic Features Representation
2.4 Direction Identification and Alert Delivery
3 Design and Implementation
3.1 Design Objectives
3.2 Target Space and Objects
3.3 User-Centered Agile Design Development
3.4 Wearable Prototype Design
3.5 Construction of Tacton
4 Evaluation
4.1 Test 4: User Testing in Lab Settings
4.2 Test 5: User Testing in Natural Settings
5 Conclusion and Future Works
References
Haptic Rendering Algorithm for Manipulating Tiny Objects Attached on Adhesive Surface of Rigid Objects
1 Introduction