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The ethics of courage. Volume 1, From Greek Antiquity to the Middle Ages [electronic resource] / Jacques M. Chevalier.

Chevalier, Jacques M., 1949-
2023
BJ1533.C8
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Title
The ethics of courage. Volume 1, From Greek Antiquity to the Middle Ages [electronic resource] / Jacques M. Chevalier.
Author
Chevalier, Jacques M., 1949-
ISBN
9783031327391 (electronic bk.)
303132739X (electronic bk.)
3031327381
9783031327384
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32739-1
Published
Cham : Palgrave Macmillan, 2023.
Language
English
Description
1 online resource (380 pages)
Item Number
10.1007/978-3-031-32739-1 doi
Call Number
BJ1533.C8
Dewey Decimal Classification
179.6
Summary
This two-volume work examines far-reaching debates on the concept of courage from Greek antiquity to the Christian and mediaeval periods, as well as the modern era. Volume 1 begins with Homeric poetry and the politics of fearless demi-gods thriving on war. The tales of lion-hearted Heracles, Achilles, and Ulysses, and their tragic fall at the hands of fate, eventually give way to classical views of courage based on competing theories of rational wisdom and truth. Fears of the enemy and anxieties about suffering and death are addressed through the lenses and teachings of medicine, geography, military history, moral philosophy, and metaphysics. For early Christian thinkers, the ethics of fear, fate, and fealty to the Almighty supplant the voice of reason and the wisdom of virtue. Much of Christian doctrine's history is a long journey towards bridging the gap between Greek philosophy and devotion to God and spirits in heaven. Some Church Fathers attempt to dispel the fear of suffering through a joyful craving for martyrdom and the eternal blessings that follow. Others show openness to one or more of the following principles: the abstractions of moral philosophy, the metaphysics of Gnostic enlightenment, the gift of free will and intentionality, the growth of church authority and hegemony, and the intrinsic worth of life on Earth. Augustine, Ambrose, Cassian, and Chrysostom play a central role in revisiting the foundations of Christian fortitude along some or all of these lines. They lay the groundwork for the scholastic adaptations of faith-based rationalism proposed by Peter Lombard, Philip the Chancellor, Albert the Great, and Thomas of Aquinas. The mediaeval period ends with church dissidents and Protestant Reform leaders condemning Romes corruption and calling for a return to early Christian faith and the courage of godly fear, submission, suffering, and fate. Jacques M. Chevalier is Chancellor's Professor Emeritus at Carleton University, Canada.
Note
The Body Predisposes, the Will Disposes
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references.
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Access limited to authorized users.
Source of Description
Description based on print version record.
Available in Other Form
The Ethics of Courage
Ethics of courage. Vol. 1, From Greek Antiquity to the Middle Ages.
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Intro
Contents
1: The Roots of Courage
Life, Power, and Truth
The Origins of Courage
Courage Throughout History
Methodological Remarks
Reference
2: Fearlessness and Fate in Ancient Greece
Lion-hearted Heracles, Achilles, and Ulysses
Women Without Fear: Euripides, Sophocles, and Aristophanes
Euripides
Sophocles
Aristophanes
References
3: Soldierly Courage and Wisdom
The Invention of History: Herodotus and Thucydides
Facts and Fables of World History: Diodorus of Sicily
The Laws of Physis: From Hippocrates to Galen
References

4: Wisdom Above Soldierly Courage
The Unity and Rank-ordering of Virtue: Plato
Education and Battles for Justice: Isocrates and Lysias
Aristotle's Happy Mean
The Art of Persuasion: Demosthenes
Physis, Polis, and Logos
References
5: Wisdom as Courage
Socrates Questioning
Questioning Socrates
References
6: The Courage of Natural Living
The Wisdom of Simple Pleasures: Epicurus
Freedom from Irrational Passions: Stoicism
References
7: Courage, Wisdom, and Mysticism
Ascending to the Divine: Pythagoreanism

The All-Soul and the Divine Intellect: Porphyry and Plotinus
Jewish Piety and Perfection of the Soul: Philo of Alexandria
References
8: Fear and Love in Early Christianity
Strength in Fear and Faith in the Holy Writ
Fear of God and Fearless Martyrdom
Gnostic Love and the Futility of Courage
References
9: Living, Conquering, and Ruling
Self-killing and Martyrdom: Clement of Rome and Athanasius
Victorious Rulers and Soldiers of Christ
Beyond Fear and Faith-based Courage
References
10: Overtures to Reason and the Gift of Love

Wavering Between Reason and Religion: Origen and Lactantius
Virtue Received from God: Gregory of Nyssa and Augustine of Hippo
References
11: Freedom and the Wisdom of Love and Fortitude
Paradise and Fortitude of the Mind: Ambrose
Conscience, Fear, and Love: John Cassian and John Chrysostom
References
12: Courage in the Early Middle Ages and Islam
Varieties of Courage in Gethsemane
Courage in the Early Middle Ages
Islam in Greek Garb: Averroes (Ibn Rushd)
References
13: Crusading and Dying for Christ
Fear and War: Bernard of Clairvaux and Ramon Llull

Logic, Causality, and Metaphor: Bonaventure
God, Courage, and the Common Good: Avicenna and Albert the Great
References
14: Reason, Faith, and Charity
Levels of Fear and Love: Peter Lombard
Courage Perfected with Divine Love: Philip the Chancellor
God, Reason, Justice, and Fortitude: Thomas Aquinas
References
15: Intentionality and Powers of the Will
Charity and Intentional Consent: Peter Abelard
The Will Above All Else: Duns Scotus
Fighting Off and Enduring What Needs to Be Fought and Endured
The Mind Proposes, the Will Disposes

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