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Table of Contents
Intro
Foreword
Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 What Animal Behaviour is and Why it is Important
1.2 Levels of Behavioural Analysis
1.3 Anthropomorphism
References
2 General Principles
2.1 Preliminary Considerations, Scientific Methodology, and Transparency
2.2 Research Questions, Hypotheses and Predictions
2.3 Selection of the Study Species
2.3.1 Domesticated Animals
2.4 Laboratory Tests and Field Work
2.5 Scheduling a Research Project
2.6 Marking of Animals for Individual Identification
2.6.1 Marking Methods
2.6.2 Naming of Animals
2.7 Animal Husbandry
2.8 Ethical Aspects of Working with Animals
2.8.1 Animal Welfare
References
3 Experimental Planning and Experimental Design
3.1 Descriptive and Experimental Research
3.1.1 Preliminary Observations and Pilot Studies
3.1.2 Descriptive Data Recording
3.2 Planning of Experiments: Experimental Groups and Data Structure
3.2.1 Controls
3.2.2 Data Recording Structure
3.2.3 Order Effects
3.3 Sampling
3.4 Individual Differences
3.5 Replication and Pseudoreplication
3.5.1 Replication
3.5.2 Pseudoreplication
3.6 Internal and External Validity
3.6.1 Precision and Reliability
References
4 Quantification of Behavioural Processes
4.1 Selection and Definition of Behaviour
4.2 Categorizations of Behaviour
4.3 Defining Behavioural Bouts
4.4 Time Parameters of Behaviour
4.4.1 Latencies
4.4.2 Durations
4.4.3 Frequencies and Rates
4.5 Recording Rules
4.5.1 Continuous Data Recording
4.5.2 Interval Structured Recording (Time Sampling)
4.6 Sampling Rules
4.6.1 Ad Libitum Registration
4.6.2 Scan Sampling and Behaviour Sampling
4.6.3 Focal Animal Sampling
References
5 Research Biases
5.1 Sampling Biases
5.2 Observer Biases
5.2.1 Experimenter Bias
5.2.2 Expectation Bias
5.2.3 Clever Hans Effect
References
6 Tools for Measuring Behaviour
6.1 Video Recording, Video Playback and Photos
6.2 Recording, Analysis and Playback of Acoustic Data (Bioacoustics)
6.3 Animal Movement Tracking
Box 6.1: Automated and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Based Methods to Register Animal Behaviour
References
7 Data Analysis and Presentation
7.1 Statistical Data Analysis
7.1.1 Descriptive Statistics
7.1.2 Inferential Statistics
7.2 Presentation of Scientific Results
7.2.1 Oral presentations
7.2.2 Making Scientific Posters
7.2.3 Writing Scientific Texts
7.3 Literature Search
References
Index
Foreword
Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 What Animal Behaviour is and Why it is Important
1.2 Levels of Behavioural Analysis
1.3 Anthropomorphism
References
2 General Principles
2.1 Preliminary Considerations, Scientific Methodology, and Transparency
2.2 Research Questions, Hypotheses and Predictions
2.3 Selection of the Study Species
2.3.1 Domesticated Animals
2.4 Laboratory Tests and Field Work
2.5 Scheduling a Research Project
2.6 Marking of Animals for Individual Identification
2.6.1 Marking Methods
2.6.2 Naming of Animals
2.7 Animal Husbandry
2.8 Ethical Aspects of Working with Animals
2.8.1 Animal Welfare
References
3 Experimental Planning and Experimental Design
3.1 Descriptive and Experimental Research
3.1.1 Preliminary Observations and Pilot Studies
3.1.2 Descriptive Data Recording
3.2 Planning of Experiments: Experimental Groups and Data Structure
3.2.1 Controls
3.2.2 Data Recording Structure
3.2.3 Order Effects
3.3 Sampling
3.4 Individual Differences
3.5 Replication and Pseudoreplication
3.5.1 Replication
3.5.2 Pseudoreplication
3.6 Internal and External Validity
3.6.1 Precision and Reliability
References
4 Quantification of Behavioural Processes
4.1 Selection and Definition of Behaviour
4.2 Categorizations of Behaviour
4.3 Defining Behavioural Bouts
4.4 Time Parameters of Behaviour
4.4.1 Latencies
4.4.2 Durations
4.4.3 Frequencies and Rates
4.5 Recording Rules
4.5.1 Continuous Data Recording
4.5.2 Interval Structured Recording (Time Sampling)
4.6 Sampling Rules
4.6.1 Ad Libitum Registration
4.6.2 Scan Sampling and Behaviour Sampling
4.6.3 Focal Animal Sampling
References
5 Research Biases
5.1 Sampling Biases
5.2 Observer Biases
5.2.1 Experimenter Bias
5.2.2 Expectation Bias
5.2.3 Clever Hans Effect
References
6 Tools for Measuring Behaviour
6.1 Video Recording, Video Playback and Photos
6.2 Recording, Analysis and Playback of Acoustic Data (Bioacoustics)
6.3 Animal Movement Tracking
Box 6.1: Automated and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Based Methods to Register Animal Behaviour
References
7 Data Analysis and Presentation
7.1 Statistical Data Analysis
7.1.1 Descriptive Statistics
7.1.2 Inferential Statistics
7.2 Presentation of Scientific Results
7.2.1 Oral presentations
7.2.2 Making Scientific Posters
7.2.3 Writing Scientific Texts
7.3 Literature Search
References
Index