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001486009 020__ $$a9781464818882
001486009 035__ $$a(MiAaPQ)EBC29470059
001486009 035__ $$a(Au-PeEL)EBL29470059
001486009 035__ $$a(OCoLC)1343249017
001486009 040__ $$aMiAaPQ$$beng$$erda$$epn$$cMiAaPQ$$dMiAaPQ
001486009 1001_ $$aBank, World.
001486009 24510 $$aTrade Therapy :$$bDeepening Cooperation to Strengthen Pandemic Defenses.
001486009 250__ $$a1st ed.
001486009 264_1 $$aWashington, D. C. :$$bWorld Bank Publications,$$c2022.
001486009 264_4 $$c©2022.
001486009 300__ $$a1 online resource (189 pages).
001486009 336__ $$atext$$btxt$$2rdacontent
001486009 337__ $$acomputer$$bc$$2rdamedia
001486009 338__ $$aonline resource$$bcr$$2rdacarrier
001486009 5050_ $$aCover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- OVERVIEW -- Introduction -- Trade flows in medical goods and services -- Policies affecting trade in medical goods and services -- Deepening cooperation on medical goods and services trade -- Notes -- References -- INTRODUCTION -- Stronger trade systems for better global health security -- Organization of the report -- Reference -- 1 TRADE FLOWS IN MEDICAL GOODS AND SERVICES -- The medical goods and services trade: Relevance, characteristics, and welfare implications -- Drivers of trade in medical goods and services -- Functioning of medical supply chains -- Patterns in medical goods and services trade before the pandemic -- Developments in medical goods and services trade during the pandemic -- Notes -- References -- 2 TRADE POLICIES IN MEDICAL GOODS AND SERVICES -- Policies affecting medical goods and services trade under normal conditions -- Policies affecting medical goods and services trade during the COVID-19 pandemic -- Notes -- References -- 3 DEEPENING COOPERATION ON MEDICAL GOODS AND SERVICES TRADE -- International cooperation on trade in medical goods -- Trade policy cooperation to contribute to global health security -- Cooperation beyond trade agreements for global health security -- Notes -- References -- 4 LEVERAGING MEDICAL GOODS AND SERVICES TRADE FOR FUTURE PANDEMICS: AN ACTION PLAN -- The need for action and reform now -- Proposals and priorities -- Reference -- Boxes -- 1.1 Access to health care: The role of (trade in) health insurance services -- 1.2 WHO's Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel-and the blurred boundaries between trade in medical services and migration of health workers -- 1.3 Recent FDI trends in medical goods and services.
001486009 5058_ $$a2.1 General equilibrium analysis of trade and health care costs -- 2.2 Development of export-oriented medical services in selected countries -- 3.1 RTA cooperation during the COVID-19 pandemic -- 3.2 Pricing policies for medical goods in the context of international trade -- 3.3 Potential commitments to bolster governance of trade policy in global crises -- 3.4 Health technology transfer to least developed countries -- 3.5 Traceability and illicit trade in medical products in Africa -- Figures -- 1.1 The largest economies, not always high-income economies, are the largest exporters of medical goods and services, leading to concentration -- 1.2 The yearly probability of a pandemic worse than the 1918 influenza pandemic has increased substantially since the 1600s -- 1.3 Growth in GDP per capita is tightly correlated with growth in health spending, though slightly less so in high-income countries -- 1.4 Across economies, population aging explains little of the growth in health spending per capita -- B1.1.1 Private health insurance schemes as a share of total health expenditure in selected countries, 2019 -- 1.5 The health care global value chain -- B1.3.1 Greenfield FDI in the health sector, by segment, 2003-20 -- B1.3.2 Greenfield FDI in the health sector, by income level of source and destination countries, 2003-20 -- B1.3.3 Composition of greenfield FDI in the health sector, by segment and business activity, 2003-20 -- B1.3.4 Share of cross-border M&amp -- A projects in the health sector, by segment, 2015-20 -- 1.6 MNCs' contribution to global value added and exports varies by industry -- 1.7 Global trade of medical goods has consistently increased -- 1.8 Pharmaceuticals dominate the medical goods sector, and the various product groups' shares in total medical goods trade have remained fairly constant.
001486009 5058_ $$a1.9 Medical goods trade is highly concentrated in high-income economies -- 1.10 PPE trade increasingly originates in Asia -- 1.11 Trade in medical services hit US78.6 billion in 2019 -- 1.12 High-income economies account for the bulk of trade in medical services -- 1.13 Medical services exports are concentrated in a few economies -- 1.14 Different Asian exporters of medical services trade differently -- 1.15 Medical services imports are concentrated in a few economies -- 1.16 The growth rate of China's medical goods exports in 2020 dwarfed those of the other top five suppliers -- 1.17 Exports of PPE soared early in the COVID-19 pandemic -- 1.18 Trade in COVID-19 vaccines grew at an accelerated pace, but distribution was unequal -- 1.19 In 2020, medical services traded through modes 2 and 4 fell sharply while mode 1 surged -- 1.20 Low- and middle-income economies saw sharp declines in health services trade in 2020 -- 1.21 Medical services exports through mode 2 dropped in 2020 -- 1.22 The vaccine value chains -- 2.1 High-income economies have consistently lower tariffs across all medical product groups -- 2.2 WTO-notified quantitative restrictions, by type and member income group, 2018-19 -- 2.3 Progress on implementation commitments under the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement -- 2.4 Trade in medical services faces many trade barriers -- 2.5 Implementation of good governance practices in the medical services sector -- 2.6 Recognition of foreign qualifications in the medical services sector -- 2.7 Government support measures for the medical goods sector predated the pandemic -- 2.8 Patterns of trade policy intervention affecting medical goods during the COVID-19 pandemic -- 2.9 Medical goods trade covered by import and export policy measures, January 2020 to January 2022.
001486009 5058_ $$a2.10 Impact of COVID-19-related trade policies on trade costs of medical goods imports, by type -- 2.11 NRA decisions on WHO-EUL COVID-19 vaccines, December 2020 to February 2022 -- 2.12 Weekly breakdown of active subsidy policy interventions affecting medical goods since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (excluding China), January 2020 to March 2022 -- 3.1 Average MFN applied tariff, bound duties, and binding coverage of medical goods, by product category and income level -- B3.4.1 Health technology transfer programs reported by WTO developed country members under TRIPS Agreement, art. 66.2, and the LDC beneficiaries of those programs, 2018-20 -- B3.4.2 Types of health technology transfer programs reported by WTO developed country members under TRIPS Agreement, art. 66.2, 2018-20 -- 3.2 Low levels of GATS commitments in medical services trade -- 3.3 The best bilateral or regional trade agreements include more medical services commitments than in GATS -- Tables -- 1.1 Medical goods covered in the report -- 1.2 GATS modes of supply in trade of medical services -- B2.1.1 Foreign value-added share of local health care costs, 2004-19 -- B2.1.2 Simulation results: Long-run annual income gains from tariff cuts in the health care sector, by income group and region -- 2.1 Duration of currently active COVID-19 policy measures affecting medical goods trade -- 4.1 Trade and trade-related policy actions to improve prevention, preparedness, and response for future pandemics.
001486009 506__ $$aAccess limited to authorized users.
001486009 588__ $$aDescription based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.
001486009 650_0 $$aMedicine International cooperation.$$xInternational cooperation$$0(DLC)sh 85083083
001486009 655_0 $$aElectronic books
001486009 7001_ $$aWorld Trade Organization, World Bank.
001486009 7001_ $$aWorld.$$d1953-$$tAux bords du monde, les réfugiés.$$lEnglish$$0(OCoLC)oca07847965
001486009 77608 $$iPrint version:$$aBank, World$$tTrade Therapy$$dWashington, D. C. : World Bank Publications,c2022
001486009 852__ $$bebk
001486009 85640 $$3ProQuest Ebook Central Academic Complete $$uhttps://univsouthin.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/usiricelib-ebooks/detail.action?docID=29470059$$zOnline Access
001486009 909CO $$ooai:library.usi.edu:1486009$$pGLOBAL_SET
001486009 980__ $$aBIB
001486009 980__ $$aEBOOK
001486009 982__ $$aEbook
001486009 983__ $$aOnline