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Praise for The COVID-19 Pandemic: Ethical Challenges and Considerations and Ethical Implications of COVID-19 Management: Evaluating the Aftershock
Introduction
References
About the Editors
PART ONE Narratives: The (mis)information tightrope
Alternative Narratives of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Symptom of Distrust and Divide
Introduction
Human beings as homo narrans
Truthfulness and narrativity in factual and fictional accounts
Crisis management and uncertain knowledge
Online content, disinformation, and alternative narratives
Social media for news content
Control deprivation and narrative control retrieval
Science trust crisis and rejection of science-based policies
Power asymmetry and decredibilising stories
Trust crisis in power structures, social divide, and democratic challenges
Towards social change: the concept of moral power
Conclusion
References
Author Note
Ethics and Intertemporal Choice: An Analysis of Linguistic Variation and Pandemic Policy
Intertemporal Choice
Language
COVID-19
Methods and Hypotheses
Results and Discussion
Discussion and Conclusion
References
Appendix A
Appendix B
COVID-19 Misinformation on Social Media: Ethical Questions of Research and Regulation in the Canadian Context
Introduction
Harm
Methodological Approach
Qualitative Analysis
Ethical Balances
Preventing Harm vs. Freedom of Expression: Legislation and Regulation
Social Media Platforms
Governments
COVID-19 Misinformation: Weapon for Foreign Interference vs. Excuse for Censorship
The Final Balance?
References
Elements of Propaganda in the Western World's Political, Public Health, and Media Narratives of 2020-2022
Introduction
Propaganda in Medicine
Propaganda during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Simplification and faulty analogies.
Emotional Appeals and Scapegoating
Manipulating Numbers
Discussion and Conclusion
References
PART TWO COVID-19 management: Whose duties, whose rights?
Balancing the Rights of the Individual with the 'Common Good' - Ethical and Policy Frameworks for COVID-19 pandemic management
Introduction
Pandemic Management Models
Ethical Principles and Public Health Frameworks
Application of ethical principles to pandemic mandates
Individual Rights
Conclusion
References
Science Censorship, Public Policy and the Rule of Law: A Critical Review
1. Introduction
What is the role of science in a democratic society?
Science censorship and the limitation of rights in times of crisis
Conclusion
References
The Social Contracts We Didn't Sign: Viewing COVID-19 Technologies as Deterministic Extensions of the State to Understand and Mitigate Issues
Social Contracts
COVID-19 Technologies as Political Actors
COVID-19 Technologies as Deterministic Extensions of the State
Track and Trace COVID-19 Apps
Data Models and Analysts
Vaccine Passports and Immunity Certificates
Improving Social Contracts with COVID-19 Technologies
Conclusion
Edits to Institutionalized Social Contracts
References
Same Roots, Different Flowers: How one Catholic Social Teaching Led to Radically Opposed Prudential Judgements
Introduction
Pandemic-relevant Catholic Social Teaching
The technocratic paradigm
Obedience and justice
Four axes of diverging judgement
Conclusion
References
PART THREE Lived experiences
Healthcare Workers' Lived Experiences at the Peak of COVID-19 Outbreak in New York Hospitals
Personal Protective Equipment Scarcity
Scarcity of Healthcare Staff
Post-Pandemic Staffing Impact
Conclusion
References
Emergency Times' Kindness in COVID-19 Times
References.
COVID-19 and the Frail Rights of the 'Ordinary Man' in Nigeria
Introduction
COVID-19 in Full Bloom: The Nigerian Narrative
The effect of the pandemic on abuse by security operatives, crimes and impunity, discrimination
The effect of the pandemic on the pace of justice delivery and access to courts by the common man
The effect of the pandemic on finances of the poor
The Fallout Between Vaccines and Human Rights
Conclusion
References
PART FOUR Healthcare personnel: Fighting in the frontline
Burnout and Boundaries: Ethical Considerations for Essential Workers During Crises
Burnout and Boundaries: Ethical Considerations for Essential Workers During Crises
Burnout and Boundary Theory
Boundary Violations and Burnout During the Pandemic
Physical Boundary Violations
Cognitive Boundary Violations
Boundary Work Tactics: What Buffered Burnout During the Pandemic
Physical Boundary Work Tactics
Cognitive Boundary Work Tactics
Ethical Implications for Essential Workers
References
Essential Workers and Ethical Considerations: Ethical Challenges for Healthcare Professionals in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic
Introduction
Literature Review
Materials and Methods
Study Design and Sampling
Instrumentation
Statistical Analysis
Ethical Statement
Results
Work Related Stress
Psychological Wellbeing
Moral Distress
Workplace Safety
Discussion
Conclusion
References
COVID-19 Conundrums: Ethical and Legal Issues Facing the Medical Community
References
U.S. Healthcare Workers and the COVID-19 Vaccine: Mandate to Vaccinate or Nudge if No Budge?
Overview of prior vaccination mandates for Health Care Workers (HCW)
Federal and State Regulations in the United States
Health Care Organizations
Health care institutions: a unique environment
Ethical Analysis.
Ethics Framework for Public Health
Advantages of a mandate - Beneficence, Non-maleficence
Justice
Disadvantages of a mandate: disregarding autonomy
Issues to Consider
Availability of vaccines
"Dynamic justification"
Availability of other options
Least Restrictive Alternative (LRA) Principle
'Mandatory' vaccines and Exemptions
Alternatives to Implementing a Mandate: Incentives, Nudges, Choice Architecture
Conclusions
References
PART FIVE Healthcare management
The Public Health Perils of Following the Science
A Prior History of Public Health Recommendations
"Follow the Science"
2021-2022: Who Can Take Off Their Masks?
July 2021: Masks Back On
February 2022: Masks Back Off
The Booster Blunder
Upholding Ethical Standards: What Should've Been
References
The Ethics of COVID-19 Vaccines and Vaccination
The Ethics of COVID-19 Vaccines and Vaccination
Ethics and COVID-19 Vaccine Development
Ethics and U.S. COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution
Ethics and Incentivizing Vaccination
Ethics and Vaccine Administration
Ethics and Vaccine Mandates
Discussion
Conclusion
References
COVID-19 in the Long-Term Care Setting: Ethical Challenges That Require Long-Term Solutions
Long-Term Care Residents at Risk
Healthy Aging
Person-Centered Care
Ageism
Deficiencies Within the Long-Term Care Sector
COVID-19 Death Rates in Long-Term Care
Infectious Disease Outbreaks in Long-Term Care
Long-Term Care Settings Were Unprepared
Public Health Measures and Restrictions
Consequences Of the Public Health Measures in Long-Term Care
Social Isolation and Loneliness
The Ethical Challenges
Public Health
Bioethical Principles
Justification
Moving Forward to Long-Term Solutions
Conclusion
References
Contributor Biographies.
Introduction
References
About the Editors
PART ONE Narratives: The (mis)information tightrope
Alternative Narratives of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Symptom of Distrust and Divide
Introduction
Human beings as homo narrans
Truthfulness and narrativity in factual and fictional accounts
Crisis management and uncertain knowledge
Online content, disinformation, and alternative narratives
Social media for news content
Control deprivation and narrative control retrieval
Science trust crisis and rejection of science-based policies
Power asymmetry and decredibilising stories
Trust crisis in power structures, social divide, and democratic challenges
Towards social change: the concept of moral power
Conclusion
References
Author Note
Ethics and Intertemporal Choice: An Analysis of Linguistic Variation and Pandemic Policy
Intertemporal Choice
Language
COVID-19
Methods and Hypotheses
Results and Discussion
Discussion and Conclusion
References
Appendix A
Appendix B
COVID-19 Misinformation on Social Media: Ethical Questions of Research and Regulation in the Canadian Context
Introduction
Harm
Methodological Approach
Qualitative Analysis
Ethical Balances
Preventing Harm vs. Freedom of Expression: Legislation and Regulation
Social Media Platforms
Governments
COVID-19 Misinformation: Weapon for Foreign Interference vs. Excuse for Censorship
The Final Balance?
References
Elements of Propaganda in the Western World's Political, Public Health, and Media Narratives of 2020-2022
Introduction
Propaganda in Medicine
Propaganda during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Simplification and faulty analogies.
Emotional Appeals and Scapegoating
Manipulating Numbers
Discussion and Conclusion
References
PART TWO COVID-19 management: Whose duties, whose rights?
Balancing the Rights of the Individual with the 'Common Good' - Ethical and Policy Frameworks for COVID-19 pandemic management
Introduction
Pandemic Management Models
Ethical Principles and Public Health Frameworks
Application of ethical principles to pandemic mandates
Individual Rights
Conclusion
References
Science Censorship, Public Policy and the Rule of Law: A Critical Review
1. Introduction
What is the role of science in a democratic society?
Science censorship and the limitation of rights in times of crisis
Conclusion
References
The Social Contracts We Didn't Sign: Viewing COVID-19 Technologies as Deterministic Extensions of the State to Understand and Mitigate Issues
Social Contracts
COVID-19 Technologies as Political Actors
COVID-19 Technologies as Deterministic Extensions of the State
Track and Trace COVID-19 Apps
Data Models and Analysts
Vaccine Passports and Immunity Certificates
Improving Social Contracts with COVID-19 Technologies
Conclusion
Edits to Institutionalized Social Contracts
References
Same Roots, Different Flowers: How one Catholic Social Teaching Led to Radically Opposed Prudential Judgements
Introduction
Pandemic-relevant Catholic Social Teaching
The technocratic paradigm
Obedience and justice
Four axes of diverging judgement
Conclusion
References
PART THREE Lived experiences
Healthcare Workers' Lived Experiences at the Peak of COVID-19 Outbreak in New York Hospitals
Personal Protective Equipment Scarcity
Scarcity of Healthcare Staff
Post-Pandemic Staffing Impact
Conclusion
References
Emergency Times' Kindness in COVID-19 Times
References.
COVID-19 and the Frail Rights of the 'Ordinary Man' in Nigeria
Introduction
COVID-19 in Full Bloom: The Nigerian Narrative
The effect of the pandemic on abuse by security operatives, crimes and impunity, discrimination
The effect of the pandemic on the pace of justice delivery and access to courts by the common man
The effect of the pandemic on finances of the poor
The Fallout Between Vaccines and Human Rights
Conclusion
References
PART FOUR Healthcare personnel: Fighting in the frontline
Burnout and Boundaries: Ethical Considerations for Essential Workers During Crises
Burnout and Boundaries: Ethical Considerations for Essential Workers During Crises
Burnout and Boundary Theory
Boundary Violations and Burnout During the Pandemic
Physical Boundary Violations
Cognitive Boundary Violations
Boundary Work Tactics: What Buffered Burnout During the Pandemic
Physical Boundary Work Tactics
Cognitive Boundary Work Tactics
Ethical Implications for Essential Workers
References
Essential Workers and Ethical Considerations: Ethical Challenges for Healthcare Professionals in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic
Introduction
Literature Review
Materials and Methods
Study Design and Sampling
Instrumentation
Statistical Analysis
Ethical Statement
Results
Work Related Stress
Psychological Wellbeing
Moral Distress
Workplace Safety
Discussion
Conclusion
References
COVID-19 Conundrums: Ethical and Legal Issues Facing the Medical Community
References
U.S. Healthcare Workers and the COVID-19 Vaccine: Mandate to Vaccinate or Nudge if No Budge?
Overview of prior vaccination mandates for Health Care Workers (HCW)
Federal and State Regulations in the United States
Health Care Organizations
Health care institutions: a unique environment
Ethical Analysis.
Ethics Framework for Public Health
Advantages of a mandate - Beneficence, Non-maleficence
Justice
Disadvantages of a mandate: disregarding autonomy
Issues to Consider
Availability of vaccines
"Dynamic justification"
Availability of other options
Least Restrictive Alternative (LRA) Principle
'Mandatory' vaccines and Exemptions
Alternatives to Implementing a Mandate: Incentives, Nudges, Choice Architecture
Conclusions
References
PART FIVE Healthcare management
The Public Health Perils of Following the Science
A Prior History of Public Health Recommendations
"Follow the Science"
2021-2022: Who Can Take Off Their Masks?
July 2021: Masks Back On
February 2022: Masks Back Off
The Booster Blunder
Upholding Ethical Standards: What Should've Been
References
The Ethics of COVID-19 Vaccines and Vaccination
The Ethics of COVID-19 Vaccines and Vaccination
Ethics and COVID-19 Vaccine Development
Ethics and U.S. COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution
Ethics and Incentivizing Vaccination
Ethics and Vaccine Administration
Ethics and Vaccine Mandates
Discussion
Conclusion
References
COVID-19 in the Long-Term Care Setting: Ethical Challenges That Require Long-Term Solutions
Long-Term Care Residents at Risk
Healthy Aging
Person-Centered Care
Ageism
Deficiencies Within the Long-Term Care Sector
COVID-19 Death Rates in Long-Term Care
Infectious Disease Outbreaks in Long-Term Care
Long-Term Care Settings Were Unprepared
Public Health Measures and Restrictions
Consequences Of the Public Health Measures in Long-Term Care
Social Isolation and Loneliness
The Ethical Challenges
Public Health
Bioethical Principles
Justification
Moving Forward to Long-Term Solutions
Conclusion
References
Contributor Biographies.