TY  - GEN
AB  - "SS authorities opened Buchenwald for male prisoners in July 1937. Women were not part of the Buchenwald camp system until late 1943 or early 1944. Prisoners were confined in the northern part of the camp in an area known as the main camp, while SS guard barracks and the camp administration compound were located in the southern part. An electrified barbed-wire fence, watchtowers, and a chain of sentries outfitted with automatic machine guns, surrounded the main camp. The detention area, also known as the Bunker, was located at the entrance to the main camp. The SS often shot prisoners in the stables and hanged other prisoners in the crematorium area. Most of the early inmates at Buchenwald were political prisoners. However, in 1938, in the aftermath of Kristallnacht, German SS and police sent almost 10,000 Jews to Buchenwald where the camp authorities subjected them to extraordinarily cruel treatment upon arrival. 255 of them died as a result of their initial mistreatment at the camp. Jews and political prisoners were not the only groups within the Buchenwald prisoner population, although the �politicals,� given their long-term presence at the site, played an important role in the camp's prisoner infrastructure. The SS also interned recidivist criminals, Jehovah's Witnesses, Roma and Sinti (Gypsies), and German military deserters at Buchenwald. Buchenwald was one of the only concentration camps that held so-called �work-shy� individuals, persons whom the regime incarcerated as �asocials� because they could not, or would not, find gainful employment. In the camp's later stages, the SS also incarcerated prisoners-of-war of various nations (including the United States), resistance fighters, prominent former government officials of German-occupied countries, and foreign forced laborers. ...Between July 1937 and April 1945, the SS imprisoned some 250,000 persons from all countries of Europe in Buchenwald. Exact mortality figures for the Buchenwald site can only be estimated, as camp authorities never registered a significant number of the prisoners. The SS murdered at least 56,000 male prisoners in the Buchenwald camp system, some 11,000 of them Jews." (https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005198)
AU  - James Brothers
DA  - 1945
DA  - April 1945
ID  - 1529518
KW  - World History
KW  - World War II (WWII, WW2, World War 2)
KW  - Jewish Community
KW  - Government and Politics
KW  - Military History
KW  - People and Communities
KW  - Photographs
KW  - Related Materials -- 1901-1950
KW  - Special Collections
L1  - https://library.usi.edu/record/1529518/files/4136.jpg
L2  - https://library.usi.edu/record/1529518/files/4136.jpg
L4  - https://library.usi.edu/record/1529518/files/4136.jpg
LA  - eng
LK  - https://library.usi.edu/record/1529518/files/4136.jpg
N2  - "SS authorities opened Buchenwald for male prisoners in July 1937. Women were not part of the Buchenwald camp system until late 1943 or early 1944. Prisoners were confined in the northern part of the camp in an area known as the main camp, while SS guard barracks and the camp administration compound were located in the southern part. An electrified barbed-wire fence, watchtowers, and a chain of sentries outfitted with automatic machine guns, surrounded the main camp. The detention area, also known as the Bunker, was located at the entrance to the main camp. The SS often shot prisoners in the stables and hanged other prisoners in the crematorium area. Most of the early inmates at Buchenwald were political prisoners. However, in 1938, in the aftermath of Kristallnacht, German SS and police sent almost 10,000 Jews to Buchenwald where the camp authorities subjected them to extraordinarily cruel treatment upon arrival. 255 of them died as a result of their initial mistreatment at the camp. Jews and political prisoners were not the only groups within the Buchenwald prisoner population, although the �politicals,� given their long-term presence at the site, played an important role in the camp's prisoner infrastructure. The SS also interned recidivist criminals, Jehovah's Witnesses, Roma and Sinti (Gypsies), and German military deserters at Buchenwald. Buchenwald was one of the only concentration camps that held so-called �work-shy� individuals, persons whom the regime incarcerated as �asocials� because they could not, or would not, find gainful employment. In the camp's later stages, the SS also incarcerated prisoners-of-war of various nations (including the United States), resistance fighters, prominent former government officials of German-occupied countries, and foreign forced laborers. ...Between July 1937 and April 1945, the SS imprisoned some 250,000 persons from all countries of Europe in Buchenwald. Exact mortality figures for the Buchenwald site can only be estimated, as camp authorities never registered a significant number of the prisoners. The SS murdered at least 56,000 male prisoners in the Buchenwald camp system, some 11,000 of them Jews." (https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005198)
PB  - University of Southern Indiana
PY  - 1945
PY  - April 1945
T1  - Close-up of bodies piled in a truck at Buchenwald Concentration Camp in Weimar, Germany
TI  - Close-up of bodies piled in a truck at Buchenwald Concentration Camp in Weimar, Germany
UR  - https://library.usi.edu/record/1529518/files/4136.jpg
Y1  - 1945
ER  -